Acetylcholine - Research News and Information

Wednesday, January 07, 2009

Distribution and neurochemical characterization of neurons expressing GIRK channels in the rat brain.

18 Oct 2008 G-protein inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels mediate the synaptic actions of numerous neurotransmitters in the mammalian brain and play an important role in the regulation of neuronal excitability in most brain regions through activation ... Read more...

Muscarinic-2 and orexin-2 receptors on GABAergic and other neurons in the rat mesopontine tegmentum and their potential role in sleep-wake state control.

18 Oct 2008 Acetylcholine (ACh) plays an important role in the promotion of paradoxical sleep (PS) with muscle atonia through the muscarinic-2 receptor (M2R) in the mesopontine tegmentum. Conversely, orexin (Orx or hypocretin) appears to be critical for the ... Read more...

ACh/dopamine crosstalk in motor control and reward: a crucial role for alpha 6-containing nicotinic receptors?

7 Oct 2008 The midbrain dopaminergic system is a key element in the control of motor activity, cognition, and the motivational effects of drugs of abuse, including nicotine. In this issue of Neuron, Drenan et al. find that alpha6-containing nicotinic ... Read more...

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Latest indexed articles for 'Acetylcholine'

These are the very latest articles for this heading:

• Distribution and neurochemical characterization of neurons expressing GIRK channels in the rat brain. 18 Oct 2008
• Muscarinic-2 and orexin-2 receptors on GABAergic and other neurons in the rat mesopontine tegmentum and their potential role in sleep-wake state control. 18 Oct 2008
• ACh/dopamine crosstalk in motor control and reward: a crucial role for alpha 6-containing nicotinic receptors? 7 Oct 2008
• The effect of lidocaine on cholinergic neurotransmission in an identified reconstructed synapse. 29 Sep 2008
• Transgenic angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 overexpression in vessels of SHRSP rats reduces blood pressure and improves endothelial function. 20 Sep 2008
• FMRFamide neuropeptides and acetylcholine synergistically inhibit egg-laying by C. elegans. 19 Sep 2008
• Optogenetic analysis of synaptic function. 12 Sep 2008
• Characterization of the inhibitory effect of vascular endothelium on agonist-induced vasoconstriction in rat mesenteric resistance arteries. 9 Sep 2008
• Complete rescue of cerebrovascular function in aged Alzheimer's disease transgenic mice by antioxidants and pioglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist. 8 Sep 2008
• Acetylcholine release in the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system during cocaine seeking: conditioned and unconditioned contributions to reward and motivation. Sep 2008
• Role of Menkes ATPase in angiotensin II-induced hypertension: a key modulator for extracellular superoxide dismutase function. 31 Aug 2008
• Acetylcholine evokes an InsP3R1-dependent transient Ca2+ signal in rat duodenum myocytes. 30 Aug 2008
• COX-1, and not COX-2 activity, regulates airway function: relevance to aspirin-sensitive asthma. 25 Aug 2008
• Recurrent inhibitory network among striatal cholinergic interneurons. 25 Aug 2008
• Developmental excitation of corticothalamic neurons by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. 25 Aug 2008
• Inhibitory effects of genistein and resveratrol on guinea pig gallbladder contractility in vitro. 19 Aug 2008
• First visualization of cholinergic cells and fibers by immunohistochemistry for choline acetyltransferase of the common type in the optic lobe and peduncle complex of Octopus vulgaris. 18 Aug 2008
• Shoot-and-Trap: use of specific x-ray damage to study structural protein dynamics by temperature-controlled cryo-crystallography. 11 Aug 2008
• Provoked coronary spasm predicts adverse outcome in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a novel predictor of prognosis after acute myocardial infarction. 10 Aug 2008
• Coronary artery spasm as a frequent cause of acute coronary syndrome: The CASPAR (Coronary Artery Spasm in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome) Study. 10 Aug 2008

See a longer list of these articles.

Technical information about 'Acetylcholine'

Definition: A neurotransmitter. Acetylcholine in vertebrates is the major transmitter at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector junctions, and at many sites in the central nervous system. It is generally not used as an administered drug because it is broken down very rapidly by cholinesterases, but it is useful in some ophthalmological applications.

Chemical name: Ethanaminium, 2-(acetyloxy)-N,N,N-trimethyl-

Registry Number: 51-84-3

Descriptor UI: D000109

Alternative terms: Acetylcholine; 2-(Acetyloxy)-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium; Acetylcholine Bromide; Bromide, Acetylcholine; Bromoacetylcholine; Acetylcholine Chloride; Chloroacetylcholine; Acetylcholine Fluoride; Fluoride, Acetylcholine; Acetylcholine Hydroxide; Hydroxide, Acetylcholine; Acetylcholine L-Tartrate; Acetylcholine L Tartrate; L-Tartrate, Acetylcholine; Acetylcholine Perchlorate; Perchlorate, Acetylcholine; Acetylcholine Picrate (1:1); Acetylcholine Picrate; Acetylcholine Sulfate (1:1); Miochol; Ciba Vision Brand of Acetylcholine Chloride; Iolab Brand of Acetylcholine Chloride; Bournonville Brand of Acetylcholine Chloride; Acetilcolina Cusi; Cusi, Acetilcolina; Alcon Brand of Acetylcholine Chloride; Acetylcholine Iodide; Iodide, Acetylcholine;

Related Mesh Headings: Receptors, Cholinergic;

Allowable Qualifiers: administration & dosage; adverse effects; analogs & derivatives; analysis; antagonists & inhibitors; biosynthesis; blood; cerebrospinal fluid; chemical synthesis; classification; deficiency; diagnostic use; economics; genetics; history; immunology; isolation & purification; metabolism; pharmacokinetics; pharmacology; physiology; poisoning; radiation effects; secretion; standards; supply & distribution; therapeutic use; toxicity; urine; chemistry; contraindications; agonists;

Pharmacological Action: Cholinergic Agents; Vasodilator Agents;

Tree Number: D02.092.211.111;

History Note: 1998; for MIOCHOL use ACETYLCHOLINE (NM) 1981-1997; for CHLOROACETYLCHOLINE use ACETYLCHOLINE (NM) 1969-2000; for BROMOACETYLCHOLINE use ACETYLCHOLINE (NM) 1969-2000

Technical Notes: /biosyn /physiol permitted