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Astrocytes - Physiology
Research News and Information
Definition of 'Astrocytes'A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from "star" cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with "end feet" which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and "reactive astrocytes" (along with MICROGLIA) respond to injury. |
Sunday, November 22, 2009
Bestrophin-1 encodes for the Ca2+-activated anion channel in hippocampal astrocytes.
12 Oct 2009 
In mammalian brain, neurons and astrocytes are reported to express various chloride and anion channels, but the evidence for functional expression of Ca(2+)-activated anion channel (CAAC) and its molecular identity have been lacking. Here we report ... Read more...
Prion protein and its ligand stress inducible protein 1 regulate astrocyte development.
29 Sep 2009 Prion protein (PrP(C)) interaction with stress inducible protein 1 (STI1) mediates neuronal survival and differentiation. However, the function of PrP(C) in astrocytes has not been approached. In this study, we show that STI1 prevents cell death in ... Read more...
Nerve growth factor attenuates proliferation of astrocytes via the p75 neurotrophin receptor.
29 Sep 2009 The p75 neurotrophin receptor has been implicated in the regulation of multiple cellular functions that differ depending on the cell context. We have observed that p75(NTR) is strongly induced on astrocytes as well as neurons in the hippocampal CA3 ... Read more...
Latest indexed articles for 'Astrocytes - Physiology'
These are the very latest articles for this heading:
- Astrocyte-neuron interactions: implications for epilepsy.
18 Oct 2009 - Bestrophin-1 encodes for the Ca2+-activated anion channel in hippocampal astrocytes. 12 Oct 2009
- Prion protein and its ligand stress inducible protein 1 regulate astrocyte development. 29 Sep 2009
- Nerve growth factor attenuates proliferation of astrocytes via the p75 neurotrophin receptor. 29 Sep 2009
- GABA uptake-dependent Ca(2+) signaling in developing olfactory bulb astrocytes. 28 Sep 2009
- Differentiation of neurons from neural precursors generated in floating spheres from embryonic stem cells. 22 Sep 2009
- The primary locus of motor neuron death in an ALS-PDC mouse model. 21 Sep 2009
- Control of CNS synapse development by {gamma}-protocadherin-mediated astrocyte-neuron contact. 21 Sep 2009
- Mechanism of abnormal growth in astrocytes derived from a mouse model of GM2 gangliosidosis. 16 Sep 2009
- Gap junctions are involved in cell migration in the early postnatal subventricular zone. 13 Sep 2009
- Neuroscience. Low-cost travel in neurons. 9 Sep 2009
- Polycomb limits the neurogenic competence of neural precursor cells to promote astrogenic fate transition. 8 Sep 2009
- Blood vessels form a migratory scaffold in the rostral migratory stream. 8 Sep 2009
- Astroglia in medullary dorsal horn (trigeminal spinal subnucleus caudalis) are involved in trigeminal neuropathic pain mechanisms. 7 Sep 2009
- Astrocyte function and role in motor neuron disease: a future therapeutic target? 30 Aug 2009
- Oxidative injury triggers autophagy in astrocytes: the role of endogenous zinc. 30 Aug 2009
- Rapid, long-term labeling of cells in the developing and adult rodent visual cortex using double-stranded adeno-associated viral vectors. 30 Aug 2009
- Neurod1 is essential for the survival and maturation of adult-born neurons. 21 Aug 2009
- Possible promotion of neuronal differentiation in fetal rat brain neural progenitor cells after sustained exposure to static magnetism. 13 Aug 2009
- Role of soluble CD14 in cerebrospinal fluid as a regulator of glial functions. 13 Aug 2009
See a longer list of these articles.
Technical information about 'Astrocytes'
Definition: A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from "star" cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with "end feet" which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and "reactive astrocytes" (along with MICROGLIA) respond to injury.
Descriptor UI: D001253
Alternative terms: Astrocytes; Astrocyte; Astroglia; Astroglias;
Related Mesh Headings: Blood-Brain Barrier;
Allowable Qualifiers: classification; cytology; drug effects; enzymology; immunology; metabolism; microbiology; parasitology; pathology; physiology; radiation effects; radiography; radionuclide imaging; secretion; transplantation; ultrastructure; ultrasonography; chemistry; virology;
Tree Number: A08.637.200; A11.650.200;
Online Note: search NEUROGLIA 1966-74
History Note: 79(75); was see under NEUROGLIA 1963-78