Insulin - Research News and Information

Saturday, January 10, 2009

Effects of an oral ghrelin mimetic on body composition and clinical outcomes in healthy older adults: a randomized trial.

2 Nov 2008 BACKGROUND: Growth hormone secretion and muscle mass decline from midpuberty throughout life, culminating in sarcopenia, frailty, decreased function, and loss of independence. The decline of growth hormone in the development of sarcopenia is one of ... Read more...

Consumption of fructose-sweetened beverages for 10 weeks increases postprandial triacylglycerol and apolipoprotein-B concentrations in overweight and obese women.

30 Oct 2008 Fructose consumption in the USA has increased over the past three decades. During this time, obesity, insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome have also increased in prevalence. While diets high in fructose have been shown to promote insulin ... Read more...

Activation of the small GTPase Rac1 by a specific guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor suffices to induce glucose uptake into skeletal-muscle cells.

30 Oct 2008 BACKGROUND INFORMATION: Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake into skeletal muscle is crucial for glucose homoeostasis, and depends on the recruitment of GLUT4 (glucose transporter 4) to the plasma membrane. Mechanisms underlying insulin-dependent ... Read more...

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Latest indexed articles for 'Insulin'

These are the very latest articles for this heading:

• Summaries for patients. Effects of an oral ghrelin mimetic on body composition and clinical outcomes in healthy older adults. 2 Nov 2008
• Effects of an oral ghrelin mimetic on body composition and clinical outcomes in healthy older adults: a randomized trial. 2 Nov 2008
• Consumption of fructose-sweetened beverages for 10 weeks increases postprandial triacylglycerol and apolipoprotein-B concentrations in overweight and obese women. 30 Oct 2008
• Activation of the small GTPase Rac1 by a specific guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor suffices to induce glucose uptake into skeletal-muscle cells. 30 Oct 2008
• Prolonged exposure to palmitate impairs fatty acid oxidation despite activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in skeletal muscle cells. 30 Oct 2008
• Insulin induces calcium signals in the nucleus of rat hepatocytes. 30 Oct 2008
• Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, adiponectin and insulin resistance in dipper and nondipper essential hypertensive patients. 30 Oct 2008
• Early insulin therapy in very-low-birth-weight infants. 28 Oct 2008
• Insulin infusions in very-low-birth-weight infants. 28 Oct 2008
• Summaries for patients. Comparison of two types of insulin added to diabetes pills in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. 19 Oct 2008
• Addition of neutral protamine lispro insulin or insulin glargine to oral type 2 diabetes regimens for patients with suboptimal glycemic control: a randomized trial. 19 Oct 2008
• Newer insulins in search of a niche. 19 Oct 2008
• Does lower diabetes-related numeracy lead to increased risk for hypoglycemic events? 19 Oct 2008
• Diabetes. Paradoxical effects of tightly controlled blood sugar. 15 Oct 2008
• Tight control of blood glucose and cardiovascular disease. 15 Oct 2008
• [Sitagliptin. DPP-4 inhibitors as a useful extension of oral diabetes therapy?] 13 Oct 2008
• Diabetic cardiovascular disease lost in translation between endocrinology and cardiology. 13 Oct 2008
• A subcellular model of glucose-stimulated pancreatic insulin secretion. 11 Oct 2008
• Conserved role for the Drosophila Pax6 homolog Eyeless in differentiation and function of insulin-producing neurons. 11 Oct 2008
• Curative and beta cell regenerative effects of alpha1-antitrypsin treatment in autoimmune diabetic NOD mice. 11 Oct 2008

See a longer list of these articles.

Technical information about 'Insulin'

Definition: A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).

Chemical name: Insulin (ox), 8A-L-threonine-10A-L-isoleucine-30B-L-threonine-

Registry Number: 11061-68-0

Descriptor UI: D007328

Alternative terms: Insulin; Insulin, Regular; Regular Insulin; Humulin S; Iletin; Insulin A Chain; Insulin, Globin Zinc; Globin Zinc Insulin; Velosulin; Insulin, Regular, Human; Insulin, Regular, Pork; Novolin; Sodium Insulin; Insulin, Sodium; Type I Insulin; Insulin, Type I; Type II Insulin; Insulin, Type II; Humulin; Insulin, Regular, Beef-Pork;

Related Mesh Headings: Hyperinsulinism; Nonsuppressible Insulin-Like Activity; Proinsulin; Receptor, Insulin;

Allowable Qualifiers: administration & dosage; adverse effects; analogs & derivatives; analysis; biosynthesis; blood; cerebrospinal fluid; chemical synthesis; classification; deficiency; diagnostic use; economics; genetics; history; immunology; isolation & purification; metabolism; pharmacokinetics; pharmacology; physiology; poisoning; radiation effects; secretion; standards; supply & distribution; therapeutic use; toxicity; urine; chemistry; contraindications; agonists;

Pharmacological Action: Hypoglycemic Agents;

Tree Number: D06.472.699.587.740.625; D12.644.548.586.740.625;

Technical Notes: /blood: consider also HYPERINSULINEMIA (excessively high blood insulin levels) but do not confuse with HYPERINSULINISM (excessive secretion of insulin by pancreas); /immunology: consider also INSULIN ANTIBODIES; precursor = PROINSULIN; INSULIN INFUSION SYSTEMS is available