Islets of Langerhans
Research News and Information

Sunday, November 22, 2009

Annexin A5 directly interacts with amyloidogenic proteins and reduces their toxicity.

8 Nov 2009 Protein misfolding is a central mechanism for the development of neurodegenerative diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The accumulation of misfolded alpha-synuclein protein inclusions in the Lewy bodies of Parkinson's disease is thought to play a ... Read more...

Is antigen specificity of autoreactive T cells the key to islet entry?

14 Oct 2009 It has been widely hypothesized that pancreatic islet infiltrates include both islet-antigen-specific and nonspecific T cells. In this issue of Immunity, Lennon et al. (2009) demonstrate that islet-antigen specificity is required for accumulation in ... Read more...

Therapy of experimental type 1 diabetes by isolated Sertoli cell xenografts alone.

10 Oct 2009 Type I diabetes mellitus is caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, and effective treatment of the disease might require rescuing beta cell function in a context of reinstalled immune tolerance. Sertoli cells (SCs) are found in ... Read more...

Latest indexed articles for 'Islets of Langerhans'

These are the very latest articles for this heading:

• Annexin A5 directly interacts with amyloidogenic proteins and reduces their toxicity. 8 Nov 2009
• Is antigen specificity of autoreactive T cells the key to islet entry? 14 Oct 2009
• Therapy of experimental type 1 diabetes by isolated Sertoli cell xenografts alone. 10 Oct 2009
• Gene therapy with neurogenin 3 and betacellulin reverses major metabolic problems in insulin-deficient diabetic mice. 7 Oct 2009
• T cell islet accumulation in type 1 diabetes is a tightly regulated, cell-autonomous event. 6 Oct 2009
• How punctual ablation of regulatory T cells unleashes an autoimmune lesion within the pancreatic islets. 6 Oct 2009
• CD8(+) T cells specific for beta cells encounter their cognate antigens in the islets of NOD mice. 29 Sep 2009
• Pancreatic neurogenin 3-expressing cells are unipotent islet precursors. 28 Sep 2009
• The human insulin gene is part of a large open chromatin domain specific for human islets. 26 Sep 2009
• Interactions between PD-1 and PD-L1 promote tolerance by blocking the TCR-induced stop signal. 25 Sep 2009
• Surface modification of islets with PEG-lipid for improvement of graft survival in intraportal transplantation. 13 Sep 2009
• Fentanyl inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin release from beta-cells in rat pancreatic islets. 5 Sep 2009
• Effects of PEG hydrogel crosslinking density on protein diffusion and encapsulated islet survival and function. 30 Aug 2009
• Autoimmunity triggers in the NOD mouse: a role for natural auto-antibody reactivities in type 1 diabetes. 30 Aug 2009
• Presenilins, Notch dose control the fate of pancreatic endocrine progenitors during a narrow developmental window. 30 Aug 2009
• Epinephrine-induced hyperpolarization of pancreatic islet cells is sensitive to PI3K-PDK1 signaling. 25 Aug 2009
• MafA-deficient and beta cell-specific MafK-overexpressing hybrid transgenic mice develop human-like severe diabetic nephropathy. 24 Aug 2009
• Impaired glucose homeostasis in Shb-/- mice. 18 Aug 2009
• Insulin crystallization depends on zinc transporter ZnT8 expression, but is not required for normal glucose homeostasis in mice. 16 Aug 2009
• Mitochondrial malic enzyme (ME2) in pancreatic islets of the human, rat and mouse and clonal insulinoma cells. 13 Aug 2009

See a longer list of these articles.

Technical information about 'Islets of Langerhans'

Definition: Irregular microscopic structures consisting of cords of endocrine cells that are scattered throughout the PANCREAS among the exocrine acini. Each islet is surrounded by connective tissue fibers and penetrated by a network of capillaries. There are four major cell types. The most abundant beta cells (50-80%) secrete INSULIN. Alpha cells (5-20%) secrete GLUCAGON. PP cells (10-35%) secrete PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE. Delta cells (~5%) secrete SOMATOSTATIN.

Descriptor UI: D007515

Alternative terms: Islets of Langerhans; Langerhans Islets; Pancreatic Islets; Islet, Pancreatic; Islets, Pancreatic; Pancreatic Islet; Nesidioblasts; Nesidioblast; Pancreas, Endocrine; Endocrine Pancreas; Islands of Langerhans; Langerhans Islands; Islet Cells; Cell, Islet; Cells, Islet; Islet Cell;

Allowable Qualifiers: abnormalities; anatomy & histology; blood supply; cytology; drug effects; embryology; enzymology; growth & development; immunology; injuries; innervation; metabolism; microbiology; parasitology; pathology; physiology; physiopathology; radiation effects; radiography; radionuclide imaging; secretion; surgery; ultrastructure; ultrasonography; chemistry; virology;

Tree Number: A03.734.414; A06.407.414;

Online Note: use ISLETS OF LANGERHANS to search ISLANDS OF LANGERHANS 1966-90

History Note: 91; was ISLANDS OF LANGERHANS 1963-90

Technical Notes: do not confuse with LANGERHANS CELLS (skin); neoplasms = ADENOMA, ISLET CELL or CARCINOMA, ISLET CELL or their specifics