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Synapses - Enzymology
Research News and Information
Definition of 'Synapses'Specialized junctions at which a neuron communicates with a target cell. At classical synapses, a neuron's presynaptic terminal releases a chemical transmitter stored in synaptic vesicles which diffuses across a narrow synaptic cleft and activates receptors on the postsynaptic membrane of the target cell. The target may be a dendrite, cell body, or axon of another neuron, or a specialized region of a muscle or secretory cell. Neurons may also communicate via direct electrical coupling with ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES. Several other non-synaptic chemical or electric signal transmitting processes occur via extracellular mediated interactions. |
Saturday, November 21, 2009
2 Nov 2009 
The effects of lifelong, moderate excess release of glutamate (Glu) in the CNS have not been previously characterized. We created a transgenic (Tg) mouse model of lifelong excess synaptic Glu release in the CNS by introducing the gene for glutamate ... Read more...
19 Sep 2009 Small guanosine triphosphatases of the Rab family regulate intracellular vesicular trafficking. Rab2 is highly expressed in the nervous system, yet its function in neurons is unknown. In Caenorhabditis elegans, unc-108/rab-2 mutants have been ... Read more...
Impaired dense core vesicle maturation in Caenorhabditis elegans mutants lacking Rab2.
19 Sep 2009 Despite a key role for dense core vesicles (DCVs) in neuronal function, there are major gaps in our understanding of DCV biogenesis. A genetic screen for Caenorhabditis elegans mutants with behavioral defects consistent with impaired DCV function ... Read more...
Latest indexed articles for 'Synapses - Enzymology'
These are the very latest articles for this heading:
- Transgenic expression of Glud1 (glutamate dehydrogenase 1) in neurons: in vivo model of enhanced glutamate release, altered synaptic plasticity, and selective neuronal vulnerability. 2 Nov 2009
- UNC-108/RAB-2 and its effector RIC-19 are involved in dense core vesicle maturation in Caenorhabditis elegans. 19 Sep 2009
- Impaired dense core vesicle maturation in Caenorhabditis elegans mutants lacking Rab2. 19 Sep 2009
- Ontogeny of ATP hydrolysis and isoform expression of the plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase in mouse brain. 5 Sep 2009
- The proteasome-associated deubiquitinating enzyme Usp14 is essential for the maintenance of synaptic ubiquitin levels and the development of neuromuscular junctions. 31 Aug 2009
- Diacylglycerol kinase beta promotes dendritic outgrowth and spine maturation in developing hippocampal neurons. 17 Aug 2009
- Poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 is necessary for long-term facilitation in Aplysia. 27 Jul 2009
- Mitochondrial fission factor Drp1 is essential for embryonic development and synapse formation in mice. 3 Jul 2009
- Kinase-dead knock-in mouse reveals an essential role of kinase activity of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIalpha in dendritic spine enlargement, long-term potentiation, and learning. 8 Jun 2009
- Involvement of afadin in the formation and remodeling of synapses in the hippocampus. 25 May 2009
- Na,K-ATPase activity regulates AMPA receptor turnover through proteasome-mediated proteolysis. 6 Apr 2009
- Presynaptic defects underlying impaired learning and memory function in lipoprotein lipase-deficient mice. 6 Apr 2009
- Heterosynaptic molecular dynamics: locally induced propagating synaptic accumulation of CaM kinase II. 10 Feb 2009
- The curious case of a wandering kinase: CaMKII spreads the wealth? 10 Feb 2009
- Ca(2+) permeable AMPA receptor induced long-term potentiation requires PI3/MAP kinases but not Ca/CaM-dependent kinase II.
Feb 2009 - A histone deacetylase 4/myogenin positive feedback loop coordinates denervation-dependent gene induction and suppression. 22 Dec 2008
- Caspase-3 activity in hippocampal slices reflects changes in synaptic plasticity. 15 Dec 2008
- PSD-95 promotes synaptogenesis and multiinnervated spine formation through nitric oxide signaling. 13 Dec 2008
- Coupled phosphatase and kinase switches produce the tristability required for long-term potentiation and long-term depression. Dec 2008
- Diacylglycerol kinase beta accumulates on the perisynaptic site of medium spiny neurons in the striatum. 29 Nov 2008
See a longer list of these articles.
Technical information about 'Synapses'
Definition: Specialized junctions at which a neuron communicates with a target cell. At classical synapses, a neuron's presynaptic terminal releases a chemical transmitter stored in synaptic vesicles which diffuses across a narrow synaptic cleft and activates receptors on the postsynaptic membrane of the target cell. The target may be a dendrite, cell body, or axon of another neuron, or a specialized region of a muscle or secretory cell. Neurons may also communicate via direct electrical coupling with ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES. Several other non-synaptic chemical or electric signal transmitting processes occur via extracellular mediated interactions.
Descriptor UI: D013569
Alternative terms: Synapses; Synapse;
Related Mesh Headings: Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes; Gap Junctions;
Allowable Qualifiers: classification; drug effects; enzymology; immunology; metabolism; microbiology; parasitology; pathology; physiology; radiation effects; radiography; radionuclide imaging; secretion; ultrastructure; ultrasonography; chemistry; virology; genetics;
Tree Number: A08.850; A11.284.149.165.420.780;
Technical Notes: note specifics; IMMUNOLOGICAL SYNAPSES is also available; / physiol: consider also SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION; do not confuse with SYNAPSIS see CHROMOSOME PAIRING