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Synapses - Genetics
Research News and Information
Definition of 'Synapses'Specialized junctions at which a neuron communicates with a target cell. At classical synapses, a neuron's presynaptic terminal releases a chemical transmitter stored in synaptic vesicles which diffuses across a narrow synaptic cleft and activates receptors on the postsynaptic membrane of the target cell. The target may be a dendrite, cell body, or axon of another neuron, or a specialized region of a muscle or secretory cell. Neurons may also communicate via direct electrical coupling with ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES. Several other non-synaptic chemical or electric signal transmitting processes occur via extracellular mediated interactions. |
Saturday, November 21, 2009
2 Nov 2009 
The effects of lifelong, moderate excess release of glutamate (Glu) in the CNS have not been previously characterized. We created a transgenic (Tg) mouse model of lifelong excess synaptic Glu release in the CNS by introducing the gene for glutamate ... Read more...
Aberrant expression of synaptic plasticity-related genes in the NF1+/- mouse hippocampus.
30 Oct 2009 Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) is a common single-gene disorder that causes learning impairments in patients. Neurofibromin encoded by the NF1 causal gene regulates Ras/MAPK and cAMP signaling pathways. These signaling pathways play critical roles in ... Read more...
Understanding the role of DISC1 in psychiatric disease and during normal development.
12 Oct 2009 The biology of schizophrenia is complex with multiple hypotheses (dopamine, glutamate, neurodevelopmental) well supported to underlie the disease. Pathways centered on the risk factor "disrupted in schizophrenia 1" (DISC1) may be able to explain and ... Read more...
Latest indexed articles for 'Synapses - Genetics'
These are the very latest articles for this heading:
- Transgenic expression of Glud1 (glutamate dehydrogenase 1) in neurons: in vivo model of enhanced glutamate release, altered synaptic plasticity, and selective neuronal vulnerability. 2 Nov 2009
- Aberrant expression of synaptic plasticity-related genes in the NF1+/- mouse hippocampus. 30 Oct 2009
- Understanding the role of DISC1 in psychiatric disease and during normal development. 12 Oct 2009
- Molecular mechanisms that enhance synapse stability despite persistent disruption of the spectrin/ankyrin/microtubule cytoskeleton. 3 Oct 2009
- Autophagy promotes synapse development in Drosophila. 26 Sep 2009
- NMDA receptor phosphorylation at a site affected in schizophrenia controls synaptic and behavioral plasticity. 21 Sep 2009
- Differential involvement of beta3 integrin in pre- and postsynaptic forms of adaptation to chronic activity deprivation. 14 Sep 2009
- NMDA receptor GluN2B (GluR epsilon 2/NR2B) subunit is crucial for channel function, postsynaptic macromolecular organization, and actin cytoskeleton at hippocampal CA3 synapses. 31 Aug 2009
- Otoferlin is critical for a highly sensitive and linear calcium-dependent exocytosis at vestibular hair cell ribbon synapses. 24 Aug 2009
- Arrested maturation of excitatory synapses in autosomal dominant lateral temporal lobe epilepsy. 21 Aug 2009
- Diacylglycerol kinase beta promotes dendritic outgrowth and spine maturation in developing hippocampal neurons. 17 Aug 2009
- Nuclear calcium signaling controls expression of a large gene pool: identification of a gene program for acquired neuroprotection induced by synaptic activity. 12 Aug 2009
- Age-dependent impairment of spine morphology and synaptic plasticity in hippocampal CA1 neurons of a presenilin 1 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. 10 Aug 2009
- Tweek, an evolutionarily conserved protein, is required for synaptic vesicle recycling. 28 Jul 2009
- Deletion of the alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene improves cognitive deficits and synaptic pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. 6 Jul 2009
- Hippocampal CA3 output is crucial for ripple-associated reactivation and consolidation of memory. 23 Jun 2009
- A synaptic trek to autism. 19 Jun 2009
- Regulation of postsynaptic structure and function by an A-kinase anchoring protein-membrane-associated guanylate kinase scaffolding complex. 15 Jun 2009
- Tyramine: a new receptor and a new role at the synapse. 26 May 2009
- From microarrays to mechanisms of brain development and function. 17 May 2009
See a longer list of these articles.
Technical information about 'Synapses'
Definition: Specialized junctions at which a neuron communicates with a target cell. At classical synapses, a neuron's presynaptic terminal releases a chemical transmitter stored in synaptic vesicles which diffuses across a narrow synaptic cleft and activates receptors on the postsynaptic membrane of the target cell. The target may be a dendrite, cell body, or axon of another neuron, or a specialized region of a muscle or secretory cell. Neurons may also communicate via direct electrical coupling with ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES. Several other non-synaptic chemical or electric signal transmitting processes occur via extracellular mediated interactions.
Descriptor UI: D013569
Alternative terms: Synapses; Synapse;
Related Mesh Headings: Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes; Gap Junctions;
Allowable Qualifiers: classification; drug effects; enzymology; immunology; metabolism; microbiology; parasitology; pathology; physiology; radiation effects; radiography; radionuclide imaging; secretion; ultrastructure; ultrasonography; chemistry; virology; genetics;
Tree Number: A08.850; A11.284.149.165.420.780;
Technical Notes: note specifics; IMMUNOLOGICAL SYNAPSES is also available; / physiol: consider also SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION; do not confuse with SYNAPSIS see CHROMOSOME PAIRING