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Reinforcement Schedule (Latest Articles)
Latest indexed articles for 'Reinforcement Schedule'
Articles 1 to 10 of 200:
19 Oct 2009
The ventral striatum (VS) is thought to serve as a gateway whereby associative information from the amygdala and prefrontal regions can influence motor output to guide behavior. If VS mediates this "limbic-motor" interface, then one might expect ...
rec_pub_19846724-ventral-striatal-neurons-encode-value-chosen-action-rats-deciding.htm
14 Sep 2009
Encounters with stimuli associated with drug use are believed to contribute to relapse. To probe the neurobiology of environmentally triggered drug use, we have conducted single-unit recordings in rhesus monkeys during presentation of two distinct ...
rec_pub_19759309-orbitofrontal-anterior-cingulate-cortex-neurons-selectively-process.htm
The convergence of information about rewarding and aversive stimuli in single neurons.
14 Sep 2009
Neuroscientists, psychologists, clinicians, and economists have long been interested in how individuals weigh information about potential rewarding and aversive stimuli to make decisions and to regulate their emotions. However, we know relatively ...
rec_pub_19759296-the-convergence-information-rewarding-aversive-stimuli-single-neurons.htm
Yoked delivery of cocaine is aversive and protects against the motivation for drug in rats.
30 Jul 2009
In Experiment 1, water-deprived rats had 5-min access to saccharin followed by active or yoked intravenous delivery of saline or cocaine (0.33 mg/infusion). Both cocaine groups avoided intake of the saccharin cue following saccharin-cocaine ...
rec_pub_19634952-yoked-delivery-cocaine-aversive-protects-motivation-drug-rats.htm
Effects of free food deliveries and temporal contiguity on choice under concurrent-chain schedules.
30 Jul 2009
Eight pigeons responded in a concurrent chain with variable-interval (VI) 10-sec and VI 20-sec terminal links. Free food deliveries were then added to the initial links according to a variable-time (VT) 20-sec schedule in two conditions that ...
rec_pub_19648461-effects-free-food-deliveries-temporal-contiguity-choice-concurrent.htm
Examination of reinforcement magnitude on the pharmacological disruption of fixed-ratio performance.
30 Jul 2009
Behavioral momentum theory proposes that operant behavior is the product of two separable processes: its rate of occurrence and its resistance to change. Generally speaking, operant situations providing more densely spaced or greater magnitudes of ...
rec_pub_19653789-examination-reinforcement-magnitude-pharmacological-disruption-fixed.htm
Timing with opportunity cost: concurrent schedules of reinforcement improve peak timing.
30 Jul 2009
The temporal generalization gradient produced by the peak-interval (PI) procedure reflects behavior under the control of positive reinforcement for responding after the criterial time, but shows negligible discouragement for early responses. The ...
rec_pub_19542089-timing-opportunity-cost-concurrent-schedules-reinforcement-improve.htm
Midbrain dopamine neurons signal preference for advance information about upcoming rewards.
14 Jul 2009
The desire to know what the future holds is a powerful motivator in everyday life, but it is unknown how this desire is created by neurons in the brain. Here we show that when macaque monkeys are offered a water reward of variable magnitude, they ...
rec_pub_19607797-midbrain-dopamine-neurons-signal-preference-advance-information.htm
Lack of cocaine self-administration in mice expressing a cocaine-insensitive dopamine transporter.
12 Jul 2009
Cocaine addiction is a worldwide public health problem for which there are no established treatments. The dopamine transporter (DAT) is suspected as the primary target mediating cocaine's abuse-related effects based on numerous pharmacological ...
rec_pub_19602552-lack-cocaine-self-administration-mice-expressing-cocaine-insensitive.htm
8 Jul 2009
The matching law (Herrnstein 1961) states that response rates become proportional to reinforcement rates; this is related to the empirical phenomenon called probability matching (Vulkan 2000). Here, we show that a simple artificial neural network ...
rec_pub_19596631-simple-artificial-neural-networks-match-probability-exploit-explore.htm
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