Reinforcement Schedule (Latest Articles)

Latest indexed articles for 'Reinforcement Schedule'

Articles 1 to 10 of 200:

Ventral striatal neurons encode the value of the chosen action in rats deciding between differently delayed or sized rewards.

19 Oct 2009 The ventral striatum (VS) is thought to serve as a gateway whereby associative information from the amygdala and prefrontal regions can influence motor output to guide behavior. If VS mediates this "limbic-motor" interface, then one might expect ...
rec_pub_19846724-ventral-striatal-neurons-encode-value-chosen-action-rats-deciding.htm

Orbitofrontal and anterior cingulate cortex neurons selectively process cocaine-associated environmental cues in the rhesus monkey.

14 Sep 2009 Encounters with stimuli associated with drug use are believed to contribute to relapse. To probe the neurobiology of environmentally triggered drug use, we have conducted single-unit recordings in rhesus monkeys during presentation of two distinct ...
rec_pub_19759309-orbitofrontal-anterior-cingulate-cortex-neurons-selectively-process.htm

The convergence of information about rewarding and aversive stimuli in single neurons.

14 Sep 2009 Neuroscientists, psychologists, clinicians, and economists have long been interested in how individuals weigh information about potential rewarding and aversive stimuli to make decisions and to regulate their emotions. However, we know relatively ...
rec_pub_19759296-the-convergence-information-rewarding-aversive-stimuli-single-neurons.htm

Yoked delivery of cocaine is aversive and protects against the motivation for drug in rats.

30 Jul 2009 In Experiment 1, water-deprived rats had 5-min access to saccharin followed by active or yoked intravenous delivery of saline or cocaine (0.33 mg/infusion). Both cocaine groups avoided intake of the saccharin cue following saccharin-cocaine ...
rec_pub_19634952-yoked-delivery-cocaine-aversive-protects-motivation-drug-rats.htm

Effects of free food deliveries and temporal contiguity on choice under concurrent-chain schedules.

30 Jul 2009 Eight pigeons responded in a concurrent chain with variable-interval (VI) 10-sec and VI 20-sec terminal links. Free food deliveries were then added to the initial links according to a variable-time (VT) 20-sec schedule in two conditions that ...
rec_pub_19648461-effects-free-food-deliveries-temporal-contiguity-choice-concurrent.htm

Examination of reinforcement magnitude on the pharmacological disruption of fixed-ratio performance.

30 Jul 2009 Behavioral momentum theory proposes that operant behavior is the product of two separable processes: its rate of occurrence and its resistance to change. Generally speaking, operant situations providing more densely spaced or greater magnitudes of ...
rec_pub_19653789-examination-reinforcement-magnitude-pharmacological-disruption-fixed.htm

Timing with opportunity cost: concurrent schedules of reinforcement improve peak timing.

30 Jul 2009 The temporal generalization gradient produced by the peak-interval (PI) procedure reflects behavior under the control of positive reinforcement for responding after the criterial time, but shows negligible discouragement for early responses. The ...
rec_pub_19542089-timing-opportunity-cost-concurrent-schedules-reinforcement-improve.htm

Midbrain dopamine neurons signal preference for advance information about upcoming rewards.

14 Jul 2009 The desire to know what the future holds is a powerful motivator in everyday life, but it is unknown how this desire is created by neurons in the brain. Here we show that when macaque monkeys are offered a water reward of variable magnitude, they ...
rec_pub_19607797-midbrain-dopamine-neurons-signal-preference-advance-information.htm

Lack of cocaine self-administration in mice expressing a cocaine-insensitive dopamine transporter.

12 Jul 2009 Cocaine addiction is a worldwide public health problem for which there are no established treatments. The dopamine transporter (DAT) is suspected as the primary target mediating cocaine's abuse-related effects based on numerous pharmacological ...
rec_pub_19602552-lack-cocaine-self-administration-mice-expressing-cocaine-insensitive.htm

Simple artificial neural networks that match probability and exploit and explore when confronting a multiarmed bandit.

8 Jul 2009 The matching law (Herrnstein 1961) states that response rates become proportional to reinforcement rates; this is related to the empirical phenomenon called probability matching (Vulkan 2000). Here, we show that a simple artificial neural network ...
rec_pub_19596631-simple-artificial-neural-networks-match-probability-exploit-explore.htm

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