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Reinforcement (Psychology) (Latest Articles)
Latest indexed articles for 'Reinforcement (Psychology)'
Articles 131 to 140 of 200:
Human substantia nigra neurons encode unexpected financial rewards.
11 Mar 2009 
The brain's sensitivity to unexpected outcomes plays a fundamental role in an organism's ability to adapt and learn new behaviors. Emerging research suggests that midbrain dopaminergic neurons encode these unexpected outcomes. We used microelectrode ...
rec_pub_19286561-human-substantia-nigra-neurons-encode-unexpected-financial-rewards.htm
CRF enhancement of GIRK channel-mediated transmission in dopamine neurons.
9 Mar 2009 Dopamine neurons in the ventral midbrain contribute to learning and memory of natural and drug-related rewards. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), a stress-related peptide, is thought to be involved in aspects of relapse following drug ...
rec_pub_19279570-crf-enhancement-girk-channel-mediated-transmission-dopamine-neurons.htm
Instrumental outcome devaluation with representation-mediated conditioning.
9 Mar 2009 In three experiments, rats were trained to perform two instrumental behaviours (R1 and R2) in the presence of discriminative stimuli (Sd1 and Sd2, respectively) to obtain a common food outcome (O1). Acquisition of the two discriminations was ...
rec_pub_19429203-instrumental-outcome-devaluation-representation-mediated-conditioning.htm
9 Mar 2009 The aim of the present study is to demonstrate the percentage of data points exceeding the median of baseline phase (PEM) approach using data on autism treatment for illustrative purposes to compare the effectiveness of different interventions on ...
rec_pub_19282505-the-effectiveness-intervention-behavior-individuals-autism-meta.htm
8 Mar 2009 We have tested the cognitive abilities of young (2.5 months) and middle-aged (14 months) wild-type C57Bl/6J mice in the IntelliCage, which enables automated monitoring of spontaneous and learning behaviour in a homecage-like environment. No ...
rec_pub_19427528-a-comparison-learning-memory-characteristics-young-middle-aged-wild.htm
8 Mar 2009 The functions of non-suicidal self-injury were examined in 39 young adults with a history of skin-cutting and other self-injurious behaviors including banging, burning, and severe scratching. Consequences, affect-states, and reasons associated with ...
rec_pub_19275962-the-functions-self-injury-young-adults-cut-clarifying-evidence-affect.htm
8 Mar 2009 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is a drug of abuse with mixed stimulant- and hallucinogen-like effects. The aims of the present studies were to establish discrimination of S(+)-MDMA, R(-)-MDMA, or their combination as racemic MDMA in ...
rec_pub_19276400-discriminative-stimulus-effects-3-4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine.htm
Extinction learning of stimulus reward contingencies: The acute effects of alcohol.
8 Mar 2009 BACKGROUND: Recent theories suggest that extinction is, at least partly, new learning suppressing original associations between a conditioned stimulus and a conditioned response without severing those associations. During extinction alcohol via its ...
rec_pub_19278796-extinction-learning-stimulus-reward-contingencies-acute-effects.htm
Sensitivity, changeover responses, and choice in transition.
7 Mar 2009 Studies of choice in steady state have shown that sensitivity to reinforcement increases with increasing fixed-ratio changeover (FR CO) requirements. We assessed the generality of this finding with choice in transition. Food deliveries were ...
rec_pub_19615608-sensitivity-changeover-responses-choice-transition.htm
7 Mar 2009 Unlike adult heterogeneous rats, infant rats are sensitive to ethanol's locomotor stimulating effects. Susceptibility to this ethanol effect varies as a function of baseline locomotor activity levels. Infant rats with higher baseline activity levels ...
rec_pub_19281838-ethanol-mediated-aversive-learning-function-locomotor-activity-novel.htm
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