Reinforcement (Psychology) (Latest Articles)

Latest indexed articles for 'Reinforcement (Psychology)'

Articles 161 to 170 of 200:

Role of the superior colliculus in choosing mixed-strategy saccades.

16 Feb 2009 Game theory outlines optimal response strategies during mixed-strategy competitions. The neural processes involved in choosing individual strategic actions, however, remain poorly understood. Here, we tested whether the superior colliculus (SC), a ...
rec_pub_19228954-role-superior-colliculus-choosing-mixed-strategy-saccades.htm

Reinforcement learning in populations of spiking neurons.

13 Feb 2009 Population coding is widely regarded as an important mechanism for achieving reliable behavioral responses despite neuronal variability. However, standard reinforcement learning slows down with increasing population size, as the global reward signal ...
rec_pub_19219040-reinforcement-learning-populations-spiking-neurons.htm

Contrasting the overexpectation and extinction effects.

11 Feb 2009 After many target stimulus (X)-unconditioned stimulus (US) pairings, further conditioning of X in the presence of another well-established signal for the US (A) disrupts X's behavioral control. Some researchers have argued that the mechanism ...
rec_pub_19429226-contrasting-overexpectation-extinction-effects.htm

Gambling near-misses enhance motivation to gamble and recruit win-related brain circuitry.

10 Feb 2009 "Near-miss" events, where unsuccessful outcomes are proximal to the jackpot, increase gambling propensity and may be associated with the addictiveness of gambling, but little is known about the neurocognitive mechanisms that underlie their potency. ...
rec_pub_19217383-gambling-near-misses-enhance-motivation-gamble-recruit-win-related.htm

Improving conditional discrimination learning and memory in five-year-old children: differential outcomes effect using different types of reinforcement.

3 Feb 2009 Previous studies have demonstrated that discriminative learning is facilitated when a particular outcome is associated with each relation to be learned. When this training procedure is applied (the differential outcomes procedure; DOP), learning is ...
rec_pub_19214832-improving-conditional-discrimination-learning-memory-five-year-old.htm

Excitability and gap junction-mediated mechanisms in nucleus accumbens regulate self-stimulation reward in rats.

Feb 2009 The nucleus accumbens (Acb) is a part of the striatum which integrates information from cortical and limbic brain structures, and mediates behaviors which reinforce reward. Previous work has suggested that neuronal synchrony mediated by gap ...
rec_pub_19409225-excitability-gap-junction-mediated-mechanisms-nucleus-accumbens.htm

High impulsivity predicts relapse to cocaine-seeking after punishment-induced abstinence.

30 Jan 2009 BACKGROUND: Relapse is a hallmark feature of cocaine addiction and a main challenge for treatment strategies. Human studies indicate a link between impulsivity and increased susceptibility to relapse. METHODS: Rats were screened for high (HI) and ...
rec_pub_19181308-high-impulsivity-predicts-relapse-cocaine-seeking-punishment-induced.htm

Neural correlates of emotional reactivity in sensation seeking.

30 Jan 2009 High sensation seeking has been linked to increased risk for drug abuse and other negative behavioral outcomes. This study explored the neurobiological basis of this personality trait using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). High ...
rec_pub_19222814-neural-correlates-emotional-reactivity-sensation-seeking.htm

A spiking neural network model of an actor-critic learning agent.

30 Jan 2009 The ability to adapt behavior to maximize reward as a result of interactions with the environment is crucial for the survival of any higher organism. In the framework of reinforcement learning, temporal-difference learning algorithms provide an ...
rec_pub_19196231-a-spiking-neural-network-model-actor-critic-learning-agent.htm

Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) prefer to cooperate when petted: Integrating proximate and ultimate explanations II.

30 Jan 2009 Cooperation poses theoretical problems because the behaviors of individuals can benefit others. Evolutionary and game-theory explanations that focus on maximizing one's own material outcomes are usually supported by experimental models with isolated ...
rec_pub_19236144-bottlenose-dolphins-tursiops-truncatus-prefer-cooperate-petted.htm

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