Reinforcement Schedule (Latest Articles)

Latest indexed articles for 'Reinforcement Schedule'

Articles 191 to 200 of 200:

Modeling the violation of reward maximization and invariance in reinforcement schedules.

6 Aug 2008 It is often assumed that animals and people adjust their behavior to maximize reward acquisition. In visually cued reinforcement schedules, monkeys make errors in trials that are not immediately rewarded, despite having to repeat error trials. Here ...
rec_pub_18688266-modeling-violation-reward-maximization-invariance-reinforcement.htm

Inhibition of CaMKII in the nucleus accumbens shell decreases enhanced amphetamine intake in sensitized rats.

5 Aug 2008 Microinjection of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) inhibitor KN-93 into the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) shell impairs expression of the sensitized locomotion and NAcc dopamine (DA) overflow normally observed in ...
rec_pub_18694805-inhibition-camkii-nucleus-accumbens-shell-decreases-enhanced.htm

Individual differences in cocaine-induced locomotor activity in male Sprague-Dawley rats and their acquisition of and motivation to self-administer cocaine.

5 Aug 2008 RATIONALE: Factors that increase an individual's susceptibility to cocaine dependence remain largely unknown. We have previously shown that adult outbred male Sprague-Dawley rats can be classified as either low or high cocaine responders (LCRs or ...
rec_pub_18685831-individual-differences-cocaine-induced-locomotor-activity-male.htm

Scaling relative incentive value: different adjustments to incentive downshift in pigeons and rats.

4 Aug 2008 Previous research suggests that pigeons and rats show differences in their behavioral adjustments in spaced-trial, incentive-downshift situations. Also, Papini and Pellegrini [Papini, M.R., Pellegrini, S., 2006. Scaling relative incentive value in ...
rec_pub_18755254-scaling-relative-incentive-value-different-adjustments-incentive.htm

Effects of baclofen on conditioned rewarding and discriminative stimulus effects of nicotine in rats.

3 Aug 2008 Neurochemical studies suggest that baclofen, an agonist at GABA(B) receptors, may be useful for treatment of nicotine dependence. However, its ability to selectively reduce nicotine's abuse-related behavioral effects remains in question. We assessed ...
rec_pub_18682277-effects-baclofen-conditioned-rewarding-discriminative-stimulus.htm

Self-administration of the GABAA agonist muscimol into the medial septum: dependence on dopaminergic mechanisms.

30 Jul 2008 RATIONALE: Reinforcement in the medial septal division (MSDB) might involve local GABAergic mechanisms. OBJECTIVES: We used intracranial self-administration to determine whether the GABAA agonist muscimol or antagonist bicuculline might have ...
rec_pub_18670763-self-administration-gabaa-agonist-muscimol-medial-septum-dependence.htm

Limitations to the generality of cocaine locomotor sensitization.

30 Jul 2008 Repeated exposure to cocaine often leads to tolerance to effects on operant behavior, whereas sensitization often develops to effects on locomotor activity. The purpose of the present set of experiments was to examine if locomotor sensitization to ...
rec_pub_18729682-limitations-generality-cocaine-locomotor-sensitization.htm

Galanin stimulation of feeding is blocked by the addition of a response requirement.

30 Jul 2008 Administration of the neuropeptide galanin increases food intake in laboratory rats and mice, however this increase has only been observed under conditions of free-feeding. As there is a growing distinction between consummatory and instrumental ...
rec_pub_18729649-galanin-stimulation-feeding-blocked-addition-response-requirement.htm

Effects of chronic estradiol treatment on delayed spatial alternation and differential reinforcement of low rates of responding.

30 Jul 2008 Estrogens have been shown to both enhance and impair cognitive function depending on several factors, including regimen of hormone treatment, age of subject, and task attributes. In rodent models, estradiol tends to enhance spatial learning and ...
rec_pub_18729633-effects-chronic-estradiol-treatment-delayed-spatial-alternation.htm

Dopaminergic modulation of risk-based decision making.

28 Jul 2008 Psychopharmacological studies have implicated the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system in the mediation of cost/benefit evaluations about delay or effort-related costs associated with larger rewards. However, the role of DA in risk-based decision making ...
rec_pub_18668030-dopaminergic-modulation-risk-based-decision-making.htm

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