Reinforcement (Psychology) (Latest Articles)

Latest indexed articles for 'Reinforcement (Psychology)'

Articles 21 to 30 of 200:

Examination of reinforcement magnitude on the pharmacological disruption of fixed-ratio performance.

30 Jul 2009 Behavioral momentum theory proposes that operant behavior is the product of two separable processes: its rate of occurrence and its resistance to change. Generally speaking, operant situations providing more densely spaced or greater magnitudes of ...
rec_pub_19653789-examination-reinforcement-magnitude-pharmacological-disruption-fixed.htm

Fast and robust learning by reinforcement signals: explorations in the insect brain.

30 Jul 2009 We propose a model for pattern recognition in the insect brain. Departing from a well-known body of knowledge about the insect brain, we investigate which of the potentially present features may be useful to learn input patterns rapidly and in a ...
rec_pub_19538091-fast-robust-learning-reinforcement-signals-explorations-insect-brain.htm

Effects of positive reinforcement training techniques on the psychological welfare of zoo-housed chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).

30 Jul 2009 Captive environments encompass various factors that can elevate stress levels and jeopardize the wellbeing of the captive animals. The use of positive reinforcement training (PRT) techniques enables researchers and caretakers to reduce tension ...
rec_pub_19434627-effects-positive-reinforcement-training-techniques-psychological.htm

Chronic stress causes frontostriatal reorganization and affects decision-making.

29 Jul 2009 The ability to shift between different behavioral strategies is necessary for appropriate decision-making. Here, we show that chronic stress biases decision-making strategies, affecting the ability of stressed animals to perform actions on the basis ...
rec_pub_19644122-chronic-stress-causes-frontostriatal-reorganization-affects-decision.htm

Orexin/hypocretin signaling at the orexin 1 receptor regulates cue-elicited cocaine-seeking.

26 Jul 2009 The orexin/hypocretin system has recently been implicated in reward-processing and addiction. We examined the involvement of the orexin system in cue-induced reinstatement of extinguished cocaine-seeking by administering the orexin 1 receptor ...
rec_pub_19656173-orexin-hypocretin-signaling-orexin-1-receptor-regulates-cue-elicited.htm

Tonically active neurons in the striatum differentiate between delivery and omission of expected reward in a probabilistic task context.

26 Jul 2009 Tonically active neurons (TANs) in the primate striatum are responsive to rewarding stimuli and they are thought to be involved in the storage of stimulus-reward associations or habits. However, it is unclear whether these neurons may signal the ...
rec_pub_19656171-tonically-active-neurons-striatum-differentiate-delivery-omission.htm

Prefrontal and striatal dopaminergic genes predict individual differences in exploration and exploitation.

18 Jul 2009 The basal ganglia support learning to exploit decisions that have yielded positive outcomes in the past. In contrast, limited evidence implicates the prefrontal cortex in the process of making strategic exploratory decisions when the magnitude of ...
rec_pub_19620978-prefrontal-striatal-dopaminergic-genes-predict-individual-differences.htm

Selective alpha7 nicotinic receptor activation by AZD0328 enhances cortical dopamine release and improves learning and attentional processes.

14 Jul 2009 AZD0328, a novel spirofuropyridine neuronal nicotinic receptor partial agonist, was used to investigate the role of alpha7 neuronal nicotinic receptor (NNR) activation in the modulation of midbrain dopamine neuron function, cortical dopamine release ...
rec_pub_19615981-selective-alpha7-nicotinic-receptor-activation-azd0328-enhances.htm

Bar pressing for food: differential consequences of lesions to the anterior versus posterior pedunculopontine.

13 Jul 2009 The pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg) is in a key position to participate in operant reinforcement via its connections with the corticostriatal architecture and the medial reticular formation. Indeed, previous work has demonstrated that rats ...
rec_pub_19614747-bar-pressing-food-differential-consequences-lesions-anterior-versus.htm

Role for GABA agonists in the nucleus accumbens in regulating morphine self-administration.

8 Jul 2009 In the present study, functional roles of GABA receptors in the nucleus accumbens on morphine self-administration behavior were investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to press lever for morphine (0.1 mg/kg per infusion) during daily 1-h ...
rec_pub_19595744-role-gaba-agonists-nucleus-accumbens-regulating-morphine-self.htm

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