Reinforcement (Psychology) (Latest Articles)

Latest indexed articles for 'Reinforcement (Psychology)'

Articles 71 to 80 of 200:

Increasing independence in autism spectrum disorders: a review of three focused interventions.

7 May 2009 The features of autism that inhibit the independent demonstration of skills, as well as three effective interventions for increasing independence, are explored in this review article. Independent performance may prove difficult for individuals with ...
rec_pub_19430897-increasing-independence-autism-spectrum-disorders-review-three.htm

Diverse and often opposite behavioural effects of NMDA receptor antagonists in rats: implications for "NMDA antagonist modelling" of schizophrenia.

5 May 2009 RATIONALE: Little attention has been paid to the relative equivalence of behavioural effects of NMDA receptor antagonists in rodents, with different compounds often used interchangeably to "model" aspects of schizophrenia in preclinical studies. ...
rec_pub_19421743-diverse-opposite-behavioural-effects-nmda-receptor-antagonists-rats.htm

Evaluation of the Alcohol Craving Questionnaire-Now factor structures: application of a cue reactivity paradigm.

4 May 2009 The current study compared the psychometric properties and clinical/research utility of four distinct factor/subscale models of alcohol craving (three factor-derived models, and one rationally derived model) as measured by the Alcohol Craving ...
rec_pub_19423243-evaluation-alcohol-craving-questionnaire-factor-structures.htm

Neural representation of behavioral outcomes in the orbitofrontal cortex.

4 May 2009 The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is important in processing rewards and other behavioral outcomes. Here, we review from a computational perspective recent progress in understanding this complex function. OFC neurons appear to represent abstract ...
rec_pub_19427193-neural-representation-behavioral-outcomes-orbitofrontal-cortex.htm

Perturbation expansions of multilocus fixation probabilities for frequency-dependent selection with applications to the Hill-Robertson effect and to the joint evolution of helping and punishment.

30 Apr 2009 Natural populations are of finite size and organisms carry multilocus genotypes. There are, nevertheless, few results on multilocus models when both random genetic drift and natural selection affect the evolutionary dynamics. In this paper we ...
rec_pub_19486781-perturbation-expansions-multilocus-fixation-probabilities-frequency.htm

Phasic dopamine release in appetitive behaviors and drug addiction.

29 Apr 2009 Although dopamine is implicated in the development of addiction, it is unclear how specific dopamine release patterns are involved with drug seeking. Addictive drugs increase tonic dopamine levels on the order of minutes, as well as phasic dopamine ...
rec_pub_19630749-phasic-dopamine-release-appetitive-behaviors-drug-addiction.htm

Drug reinforcement in a rat model of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder--the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR).

29 Apr 2009 The co-occurrence of drug addiction in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is very common, but its etiology remains largely unknown. Therefore, animal models to study this kind of psychiatric comorbidity are needed. The ...
rec_pub_19630747-drug-reinforcement-rat-model-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder.htm

Cigarette-by-cigarette satisfaction during ad libitum smoking.

29 Apr 2009 Smoking is thought to produce immediate reinforcement, and subjective satisfaction with smoking is thought to influence subsequent smoking. The authors used ecological momentary assessment (A. A. Stone & S. Shiffman, 1994) to assess ...
rec_pub_19413409-cigarette-cigarette-satisfaction-ad-libitum-smoking.htm

Perceptual learning and representational learning in humans and animals.

29 Apr 2009 Traditionally, perceptual learning in humans and classical conditioning in animals have been considered as two very different research areas, with separate problems, paradigms, and explanations. However, a number of themes common to these fields of ...
rec_pub_19380891-perceptual-learning-representational-learning-humans-animals.htm

Human and animal perceptual learning: some common and some unique features.

29 Apr 2009 A selective summary of the four contributions to this special issue of Learning & Behavior on perceptual learning is presented. Mackintosh and Hall propose an associative analysis of perceptual learning. It is argued that Tsushima and Watanabe's ...
rec_pub_19380892-human-animal-perceptual-learning-common-unique-features.htm

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