Research article summary (published 29 Nov 1992):

Effect of chronic substance abuse on the neuropsychological performance of intravenous drug users with a high prevalence of HIV-1 seropositivity.

Full Abstract

Limited data are available on cognitive performance in populations of intravenous drug users during the early, asymptomatic stages of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Between 1988 and 1990, 151 participants from the AIDS Link to Intravenous Experience (ALIVE) Study in Baltimore, Maryland, were evaluated neuropsychologically on a semiannual basis. This analysis focused on whether history of substance abuse influenced neuropsychological test performance. At baseline, 102 participants were HIV-1-seropositives who were free of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and 49 participants were seronegative. Multivariate analyses, adjusting for correlation of repeated outcome measures, were conducted to determine predictors of neuropsychological functioning. Effects of the frequency of reported past use of marijuana, heroin, cocaine, barbiturates, and alcohol were not statistically associated with performance on the tests. Age and education were the most important predictors of test performance, and a significant practice effect was observed for most measures. After adjustment for age, education, the practice effect, and frequency of drug use, neuropsychological performance over time did not vary by HIV-1 serostatus. Overall, after acutely intoxicated individuals were excluded, neither frequency of drug and alcohol use nor HIV-1 seropositivity significantly influenced neuropsychological test performance over a 1-year period.

Author information

Author/s: Concha, M (M); Graham, N M (NM); Muñoz, A (A); Vlahov, D (D); Royal, W (W); Updike, M (M); Nance-Sproson, T (T); Selnes, O A (OA); McArthur, J C (JC);

Affiliation: Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.

Grants: DA 04334 (Agency:NIDA NIH HHS) ; NS 26643 (Agency:NINDS NIH HHS) ; RR00722 (Agency:NCRR NIH HHS)

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Journal: American journal of epidemiology (Am J Epidemiol), published in UNITED STATES. (Language: eng)

Reference: 1992-Dec; vol 136 (issue 11) : pp 1338-48

Dates: Created 1993/02/25; Completed 1993/02/25; Revised 2007/11/15;

PMID: 1362630, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 2/18/2009, IMS Date: )

Sourced from the National Library of Medicine. Abstract text and other information may be subject to copyright.

External Links for this article
(including full text providers, if available):

Click Electronic Full-text Provider Links to see options for finding the electronic full text links to this article. Note there may be a subscription or fee required for access to the full text. See our FAQ for information on finding FREE full text articles.

This article may also be located in paper journal collections available in many libraries. Use the Journal and Publication Information above to find the full article.

MeSH headings (categories)

This article was linked to the MESH Headings shown below.

Adult African Americans Age Factors Baltimore - epidemiology CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes Chronic Disease Cognition Disorders - diagnosis; epidemiology; etiology Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) Educational Status Employment - statistics & numerical data Evaluation Studies as Topic Female HIV Seropositivity - blood; complications

HIV Seroprevalence HIV-1 Humans Leukocyte Count Linear Models Male Mass Screening Neuropsychological Tests Population Surveillance Predictive Value of Tests Prisons - statistics & numerical data Psychomotor Performance Substance Abuse, Intravenous - complications; therapy

Related articles

These are the highest related articles currently in the database:

• Cognitive function in HIV-seropositive Nigerians without AIDS. 12 Nov 2007
• Neurodevelopmental screening in toddlers and early preschoolers with sickle cell disease. 24 Dec 2007
• Association of statin use with cognitive decline in elderly African Americans. 4 Nov 2007
• Apolipoprotein E genotype and lifetime cognitive decline. 20 Aug 2007
• Neuropsychological deficits in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 clade C-seropositive adults from South India. 30 May 2007
• The importance of impaired physical health and age in normal cognitive aging. 30 Mar 2007
• Correlation and agreement between the Mini-mental State Examination and the Clock Drawing Test in older adults with low levels of schooling: the Bambuí Health Aging Study (BHAS). 15 May 2007
• Cognitive reserve and neuropsychological functioning in patients infected with hepatitis C. 16 May 2007
• Activities of daily living in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer disease. 10 Jun 2007
• Is oppositional defiant disorder a meaningful diagnosis in adults? Results from a large sample of adults with ADHD. 29 Jun 2007

See 100+ related articles.

Related Article Map

Legend: - FREE Full text Article. - Abstract only. - Title only. More help.

See a large map of 100+ related articles.