Preventive effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBB) on the lipopolysaccharide-induced expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 via suppression of nuclear factor-kappaB in RAW 264.7 cells.

Full Abstract

During our ongoing efforts to identify bioactive natural products with anti-inflammatory activity, we produced an extract from Ginkgo biloba (GBB) which contains higher levels of the active principles terpene and biflavonoid than EGb, the standard commercially available extract. In the present study, we examined and compared the effects of these two extracts on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. Our data indicate that GBB is a more potent inhibitor of NO and PGE2 production than EGb 761, and it also significantly decreased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha release. Consistent with these observations, the protein and mRNA expression levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were found to be inhibited by GBB in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, GBB inhibited the LPS-induced DNA binding activity of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), which was associated with the prevention of IkappaB degradation, and subsequently with decreased p65 protein level in the nucleus. These results suggest that GBB inhibits LPS-induced iNOS, COX-2 and TNF-alpha expressions through the down-regulation of NF-kappaB-DNA binding activity.

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Author information

Author/s: Park, Young-Mi (YM); Won, Jong-Heon (JH); Yun, Kyung-Jin (KJ); Ryu, Jong-Hoon (JH); Han, Yong-Nam (YN); Choi, Seung-Ki (SK); Lee, Kyung-Tae (KT);

Affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung-Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Journal: Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin (Biol Pharm Bull), published in Japan. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2006-May; vol 29 (issue 5) : pp 985-90

Dates: Created 2006/05/02; Completed 2006/07/11; Revised 2006/11/15;

PMID: 16651732, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 12/26/2008)

Sourced from the National Library of Medicine. Abstract text and other information may be subject to copyright.

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MeSH headings (categories)

This article was linked to the MESH Headings shown below.

Animals
Blotting, Western
Cell Line
Cell Survival - drug effects
Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors - pharmacology
Dinoprostone - metabolism
Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
Ginkgo biloba - chemistry
Lipopolysaccharides - antagonists & inhibitors; toxicity
Macrophages - drug effects; enzymology; metabolism
Mice

NF-kappa B - physiology
Nitric Oxide - metabolism
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II - antagonists & inhibitors; biosynthesis
Phosphorylation
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
RNA - biosynthesis
RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Tetrazolium Salts
Thiazoles
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism

Associated Chemicals: Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors (0) ; Ginkgo biloba extract 761 (0) ; Lipopolysaccharides (0) ; NF-kappa B (0) ; Plant Extracts (0) ; RNA, Messenger (0) ; Tetrazolium Salts (0) ; Thiazoles (0) ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (0) ; Nitric Oxide (10102-43-9) ; thiazolyl blue (298-93-1) ; Dinoprostone (363-24-6) ; RNA (63231-63-0) ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II (EC 1.14.13.39)

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