Body fluid compartments in hypertension.

Full Abstract

BACKGROUND

AND OBJECTIVES:
There is a correlation between the fluid and ionic homeostasis and blood pressure but it is not known if these body fluid changes represent the cause or rather the effect of the blood pressure rise. We have estimated the compartmental distribution of body fluids by means of the Bioimpedance Spectroscopy (BIS) analysis in a hypertensive cohort compared to control subjects.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:
We have enrolled 28 hypertensive patients (14 females, 14 males, mean age 47 +/- 5) and a sex- and age-matched control group of 37 healthy subjects (17 females and 20 males, mean age 45 +/- 8). They underwent anthropometric measurements, then extracellular (ECW) and intracellular water (ICW) were assessed using BIS.

RESULTS:
Both mean weight and BMI of hypertensive patients resulted significantly higher than of the control group (p < 0.05). We found higher ICW values in hypertensive compared to normotensive subjects. This difference was proportional to the difference of mean blood pressure values, reaching significance only as regards the stage II hypertensive subgroup (p < 0.03).

DISCUSSION:
Our data confirm that the blood pressure increases are associated to TBW, and caused mainly by ICW increases. The BIS, a simple, reliable, non invasive and cost effective methodical approach, estimating the distribution of body fluids, offers new possibility of the management of the hypertensive disease, to establish a more appropriate antihypertensive treatment. Moreover, the BIS, estimating the volume restoration of the different body compartments, may be helpful in evaluating the effectiveness of the pharmacological treatment.

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Author information

Author/s: Cianci, R (R); Citro, F (F); Migneco, A (A); Baldoni, F (F); Minisci, M C (MC); Di Daniele, N (N); De Lorenzo, A (A);

Affiliation: Division of Human Nutrition, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article

Journal: European review for medical and pharmacological sciences (Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci), published in Italy. (Language: eng)

Reference: -2006 Mar-Apr; vol 10 (issue 2) : pp 75-8

Dates: Created 2006/05/18; Completed 2006/09/13; Revised 2006/11/15;

PMID: 16705952, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 12/26/2008)

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MeSH headings (categories)

This article was linked to the MESH Headings shown below.

Anthropometry
Blood Pressure
Body Composition
Body Fluid Compartments
Body Water - chemistry; metabolism
Electric Impedance
Extracellular Fluid - metabolism

Female
Humans
Hypertension - metabolism; physiopathology
Intracellular Fluid - metabolism
Male
Middle Aged
Spectrum Analysis - methods

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