Effects of weight loss on insulin sensitivity and arterial stiffness in overweight adults.

Full Abstract

Obesity is characterized by metabolic and vascular abnormalities. We examined the effects of weight loss on insulin sensitivity and arterial stiffness in overweight adults. Twelve (9 females; 3 males) overweight (body mass index, 30.3 +/- 3.7) adults (54.9 +/- 3.9 years) without diabetes or vascular disease were counseled by a registered dietician to lose weight over 6 months. Vascular structure, function, and wall mechanical properties were measured via ultrasound. Intravenous glucose tolerance test, 24-hour blood pressure, body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), and lipids were also assessed. There were significant reductions in body mass (86.3 +/- 14.2 vs 79.5 +/- 13.8 kg, P < .0001) and percentage of fat (44.3% +/- 7.0% vs 41.0% +/- 8.5%, P < .01) after weight loss. There were significant improvements in total cholesterol (6.0 +/- 0.9 vs 5.0 +/- 0.8 mmol/L, P < .0001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (3.9 +/- 0.7 vs 3.2 +/- 0.6 mmol/L, P < .0001), triglycerides (3.4 +/- 2.3 vs 2.4 +/- 0.9 mmol/L, P < .05), and insulin sensitivity (3.3 +/- 1.7 vs 5.4 +/- 1.6 microU x 10(-4) min(-1) mL(-1), P < .0001) after weight loss. Brachial artery compliance (P < .05) and distensibility (P < .05) curves over the physiologic pressure range improved, whereas endothelial function and intima-media thickness remained unchanged. In overweight adults, 6 months of weight loss resulted in improvements in body composition, insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, and brachial artery compliance and distensibility.

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Author information

Author/s: Dengel, Donald R (DR); Kelly, Aaron S (AS); Olson, Thomas P (TP); Kaiser, Daniel R (DR); Dengel, Jana L (JL); Bank, Alan J (AJ);

Affiliation: School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. denge001(-atsign-)umn.edu

Grants: M01-RR00400 (Agency:NCRR NIH HHS)

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Journal: Metabolism: clinical and experimental (Metabolism), published in United States. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2006-Jul; vol 55 (issue 7) : pp 907-11

Dates: Created 2006/06/20; Completed 2006/08/09; Revised 2007/11/14;

PMID: 16784962, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 12/26/2008)

Sourced from the National Library of Medicine. Abstract text and other information may be subject to copyright.

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MeSH headings (categories)

This article was linked to the MESH Headings shown below.

Adult
Arteries - physiopathology
Blood Pressure
Compliance
Female
Humans

Humans
Insulin - pharmacology
Male
Middle Aged
Overweight
Weight Loss

Associated Chemicals: Insulin (11061-68-0)

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