Keep music live: music and the alleviation of apathy in dementia subjects.

Full Abstract

BACKGROUND:
A recent Cochrane report concluded that more and better quality research is required to investigate the effectiveness of music therapy in reducing problems in behavioral, social, emotional and cognitive domains in patients with dementia. This randomized placebo-controlled trial with blinded observer rater aimed to explore whether music, live or pre-recorded, is effective in the treatment of apathy in subjects with moderate to severe dementia.

METHODS:
Thirty-two subjects meeting ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for moderate to severe dementia and fulfilling diagnostic criteria for apathy were exposed to live interactive music, passive pre-recorded music or silence for 30 minutes. Each subject was randomized to 30-minute music or silent periods and was video recorded and the muted recording analyzed every 3 minutes using dementia care mapping to assess the quality of engagement to the blinded music intervention.

RESULTS:
Compared to low baseline levels of positive engagement (12.5%) in the silent placebo period, the majority of subjects (69%), regardless of dementia severity, showed a significant and positive engagement to live music. Engagement to pre-recorded music was non-significant, with just 25% of all subjects showing positive engagement. No subjects showed any evidence of experiencing a state of ill-being during either the live or pre-recorded music sessions.

CONCLUSIONS:
During the intervention, live interactive music has immediate and positive engagement effects in dementia subjects with apathy, regardless of the severity of their dementia. Pre-recorded music is non-harmful but less clearly beneficial.

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Author information

Author/s: Holmes, Clive (C); Knights, Andrew (A); Dean, Christine (C); Hodkinson, Sarah (S); Hopkins, Vivienne (V);

Affiliation: School of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK. ch4(-atsign-)soton.ac.uk

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Journal: International psychogeriatrics / IPA (Int Psychogeriatr), published in United States. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2006-Dec; vol 18 (issue 4) : pp 623-30

Dates: Created 2006/10/10; Completed 2007/02/28;

PMID: 16805928, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 12/26/2008)

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MeSH headings (categories)

This article was linked to the MESH Headings shown below.

Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Alzheimer Disease - psychology; therapy
England
Female
Homes for the Aged
Humans

Humans
Male
Motivation
Music Therapy
Nursing Homes
Social Behavior Disorders - psychology; therapy
Social Environment

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