Neural characteristics of successful and less successful speech and word learning in adults.

Full Abstract

A remarkable characteristic of the human nervous system is its ability to learn to integrate novel (foreign) complex sounds into words. However, the neural changes involved in how adults learn to integrate novel sounds into words and the associated individual differences are largely unknown. Unlike English, most languages of the world use pitch patterns to mark individual word meaning. We report a study assessing the neural correlates of learning to use these pitch patterns in words by English-speaking adults who had no previous exposure to such usage. Before and after training, subjects discriminated pitch patterns of the words they learned while blood oxygenation levels were measured using fMRI. Subjects who mastered the learning program showed increased activation in the left posterior superior temporal region after training, while subjects who plateaued at lower levels showed increased activation in the right superior temporal region and right inferior frontal gyrus, which are associated with nonlinguistic pitch processing, and prefrontal and medial frontal areas, which are associated with increased working memory and attentional efforts. Furthermore, we found brain activation differences even before training between the two subject groups, including the superior temporal region. These results demonstrate an association between range of neural changes and degrees of language learning, specifically implicating the physiologic contribution of the left dorsal auditory cortex in learning success. Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Author information

Author/s: Wong, Patrick C M (PC); Perrachione, Tyler K (TK); Parrish, Todd B (TB);

Affiliation: The Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University Institute for Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. pwong(-atsign-)northwestern.edu

Grants: DC007468 (Agency:NIDCD NIH HHS) ; HD051827 (Agency:NICHD NIH HHS)

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Journal: Human brain mapping (Hum Brain Mapp), published in United States. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2007-Oct; vol 28 (issue 10) : pp 995-1006

Dates: Created 2007/09/20; Completed 2007/12/14;

PMID: 17133399, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 2/18/2009, IMS Date: )

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