Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) attenuates lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats: roles of oxidative stress and nitric oxide.

Full Abstract

AIM:
To investigate the effect of ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) on lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (II/R).

METHODS:
The rat model of II/R injury was produced by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 60 min followed by reperfusion for 180 min. The rats were randomly allocated into sham, II/R, and EGb + II/R groups. In EGb + II/R group, EGb 761 (100 mg/kg per day) was given via a gastric tube for 7 consecutive days prior to surgery. Rats in II/R and sham groups were treated with equal volumes of the vehicle of EGb 761. Lung injury was assessed by light microscopy, wet-to-dry lung weight ratio (W/D) and pulmonary permeability index (PPI). The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite/nitrate (NO2(-)/NO3(-)), as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were examined. Western blot was used to determine the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).

RESULTS:
EGb 761 markedly improved mean arterial pressure and attenuated lung injury, manifested by the improvement of histological changes and significant decreases of pulmonary W/D and PPI (P < 0.05 or 0.01). Moreover, EGb 761 markedly increased SOD activity, reduced MDA levels and MPO activity, and suppressed NO generation accompanied by down-regulation of iNOS expression (P < 0.05 or 0.01).

CONCLUSION:
The results indicate that EGb 761 has a protective effect on lung injury induced by II/R, which may be related to its antioxidant property and suppressions of neutrophil accumulation and iNOS-induced NO generation. EGb 761 seems to be an effective therapeutic agent for critically ill patients with respiratory failure related to II/R.

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Author information

Author/s: Liu, Ke-Xuan (KX); Wu, Wei-Kang (WK); He, Wei (W); Liu, Chui-Liang (CL);

Affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China. liukexuan807(-atsign-)yahoo.com.cn

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Journal: World journal of gastroenterology : WJG (World J Gastroenterol), published in China. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2007-Jan; vol 13 (issue 2) : pp 299-305

Dates: Created 2007/01/17; Completed 2007/03/09;

PMID: 17226913, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 12/26/2008)

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MeSH headings (categories)

This article was linked to the MESH Headings shown below.

Animals
Antioxidants - pharmacology; therapeutic use
Down-Regulation
Ginkgo biloba
Intestines - blood supply
Lung Diseases - etiology; pathology; prevention & control
Male
Malondialdehyde - analysis
Nitric Oxide - analysis; metabolism

Nitric Oxide - analysis; metabolism
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II - analysis; metabolism
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
Plant Extracts - pharmacology; therapeutic use
Protective Agents - pharmacology; therapeutic use
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Reperfusion Injury - complications
Superoxide Dismutase - analysis

Associated Chemicals: Antioxidants (0) ; Ginkgo biloba extract 761 (0) ; Plant Extracts (0) ; Protective Agents (0) ; Nitric Oxide (10102-43-9) ; Malondialdehyde (542-78-9) ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II (EC 1.14.13.39) ; Superoxide Dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1)

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