A pilot study on mindfulness based stress reduction for smokers.

Full Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Mindfulness means paying attention in the present moment, non-judgmentally, without commentary or decision-making. We report results of a pilot study designed to test the feasibility of using Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) (with minor modifications) as a smoking intervention.

METHODS:
MBSR instructors provided instructions in mindfulness in eight weekly group sessions. Subjects attempted smoking cessation during week seven without pharmacotherapy. Smoking abstinence was tested six weeks after the smoking quit day with carbon monoxide breath test and 7-day smoking calendars. Questionnaires were administered to evaluate changes in stress and affective distress.

RESULTS:
18 subjects enrolled in the intervention with an average smoking history of 19.9 cigarettes per day for 26.4 years. At the 6-week post-quit visit, 10 of 18 subjects (56%) achieved biologically confirmed 7-day point-prevalent smoking abstinence. Compliance with meditation was positively associated with smoking abstinence and decreases in stress and affective distress.

DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSION:
The results of this study suggest that mindfulness training may show promise for smoking cessation and warrants additional study in a larger comparative trial.

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Author information

Author/s: Davis, James M (JM); Fleming, Michael F (MF); Bonus, Katherine A (KA); Baker, Timothy B (TB);

Affiliation: Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53711-2027, USA. jd4(-atsign-)medicine.wisc.edu

Grants: T32 AA014845-04 (Agency:NIAAA NIH HHS) ; T32 AA14548 (Agency:NIAAA NIH HHS)

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Journal: BMC complementary and alternative medicine (BMC Complement Altern Med), published in England. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2007-; vol 7 (issue ) : pp 2

Dates: Created 2007/02/27; Completed 2007/04/05; Revised 2008/11/21;

PMID: 17254362, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 12/26/2008)

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MeSH headings (categories)

This article was linked to the MESH Headings shown below.

Adult
Affective Symptoms - etiology
Aged
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Male
Middle Aged

Middle Aged
Mind-Body Therapies - methods
Patient Compliance
Patient Satisfaction
Pilot Projects
Smoking Cessation - methods
Stress, Psychological - complications; diagnosis; therapy
Treatment Outcome

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