Experimental sleep fragmentation impairs attentional set-shifting in rats.

Full Abstract

STUDY

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the effect of experimental sleep fragmentation (sleep interruption; SI) on complex learning in an intradimensional-extradimensional (ID/ED) set-shifting task in rats.

DESIGN:
A sleep fragmentation paradigm of intermittent forced locomotion was validated in adult rats by examining electrographic effects. Discrimination task performances were assessed in rats following sleep fragmentation or 2 control conditions.

PARTICIPANTS:
41 young adult male Fischer-Norway rats.

INTERVENTION:
A treadmill was used to produce 30 awakenings/h for the 24-h period prior to testing. Exercise control rats received an equivalent amount of treadmill-induced locomotion that permitted 30-minute pauses to allow consolidated sleep.

MEASUREMENT AND RESULTS:
SI rats were selectively impaired on the extradimensional-shift phase of the task, taking significantly more trials to achieve criterion performance (15.4 +/- 2.0) than either control group (cage control = 10.4 +/- 0.9; exercise control = 6.3 +/- 0.2). The SI schedule reduced the average duration of nonREM sleep (NREMS) episodes to 56 s (baseline = 182 s), while the exercise control group increased average NREMS episode duration to 223 s. Total (24-h) NREMS time declined from 50% during baseline to 33% during SI, whereas rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) was absent in SI animals (7% during baseline and 0% during SI), and time spent awake increased proportionally (from 43% during baseline to 67% during SI).

CONCLUSION:
24-hour SI produced impairment in an attentional set-shifting that is comparable to the executive function and cognitive deficits observed in humans with sleep apnea or after a night of experimental sleep fragmentation.

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Author information

Author/s: McCoy, John G (JG); Tartar, Jaime L (JL); Bebis, Alaina C (AC); Ward, Christopher P (CP); McKenna, James T (JT); Baxter, Mark G (MG); McGaughy, Jill (J); McCarley, Robert W (RW); Strecker, Robert E (RE);

Affiliation: VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, Brockton, MA 02301, USA.

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Journal Article

Journal: Sleep (Sleep), published in United States. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2007-Jan; vol 30 (issue 1) : pp 52-60

Dates: Created 2007/02/21; Completed 2007/03/30;

PMID: 17310865, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 12/26/2008)

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