Distinct tissue cytokine and chemokine mRNA expression in canine sino-nasal aspergillosis and idiopathic lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis.

Full Abstract

Idiopathic lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis (LPR) and sino-nasal aspergillosis (SNA) are among the most common causes of nasal discharge in dogs. The pathogenesis of both diseases is poorly understood. Some have proposed that LPR is a chronic inflammatory response to an inhaled irritant, pollutant or allergen, but others suggest that most cases of LPR constitute undiagnosed cases of SNA. Local immune dysfunction is thought to permit opportunist infection in canine SNA. This study investigates the nature of the local tissue immune response mounted in canine LPR and SNA in order to determine whether these diseases have similar or distinct pathogenesis. Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was carried out on RNA isolated from nasal biopsies from diseased and control dogs, using specific assays designed to amplify messenger RNA (mRNA), encoding a panel of cytokines and chemokines. SNA was associated with significantly increased expression of mRNA encoding interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p19, IL-12p35, IL-12p40, IL-18, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta, eotaxin-2 and all four monocyte chemoattractant proteins (MCPs) relative to controls. LPR was associated with significantly increased expression of mRNA encoding IL-5, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p19, IL-12p40, IL-18, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta, MCP-2 and MCP-3 relative to controls. There was significantly more expression of mRNA encoding IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p35, IL-12p40, IL-18, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta and all MCPs, and significantly less expression of IL-5 in dogs with SNA than in dogs with LPR. Thus, the profile of cytokine and chemokine gene expression in the nasal mucosa is different in dogs with LPR when compared to dogs with SNA. A partial Th2 immune response appears to be mounted in the nasal mucosa of dogs with LPR, whereas the mucosal immune response in canine SNA is of the Th1 type. Increase in IL-10 and TGF-beta transcripts in dogs with SNA is thought to be implicated in the failure to clear the Aspergillus infection. These results constitute the first evidence that the pathogenesis of canine LPR and SNA is distinct.

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Author information

Author/s: Peeters, D (D); Peters, I R (IR); Helps, C R (CR); Gabriel, A (A); Day, M J (MJ); Clercx, C (C);

Affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium. dpeeters(-atsign-)ulg.ac.be <dpeeters(-atsign-)ulg.ac.be>

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article

Journal: Veterinary immunology and immunopathology (Vet Immunol Immunopathol), published in Netherlands. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2007-May; vol 117 (issue 1-2) : pp 95-105

Dates: Created 2007/04/16; Completed 2007/07/17;

PMID: 17336394, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 12/26/2008)

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MeSH headings (categories)

This article was linked to the MESH Headings shown below.

Animals
Aspergillosis - immunology; microbiology; veterinary
Biopsy - veterinary
Chemokines - biosynthesis; genetics; immunology
Dog Diseases - immunology; microbiology
Dogs
Gene Dosage - immunology

Gene Dosage - immunology
Nasal Mucosa - immunology; microbiology
RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis; genetics
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary
Rhinitis - immunology; microbiology; veterinary
Th1 Cells - immunology
Th2 Cells - immunology

Associated Chemicals: Chemokines (0) ; RNA, Messenger (0)

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