Changes in insight among patients with bipolar I disorder: a 2-year prospective study.

Full Abstract

OBJECTIVES:
The aim of this 2-year prospective study was to examine changes in insight among bipolar patients with different clinical courses.

METHODS:
A cohort of 65 patients with bipolar I disorder in remission was recruited for this study. They received six follow-up assessments over a 2-year period. The Schedule of Assessment of Insight-Expanded version (SAI-E) was used to determine their levels of insight, while the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) were used to determine affective symptoms. Types of changes in insight among bipolar patients were analyzed according to the different clinical courses during the 2-year follow-up period.

RESULTS:
Insight in consistently stable patients was steady during the 2-year period. Insight decreased during the manic period in patients with only a single manic episode as well as in those with repeated manic episodes. However, insight returned to the pre-episode level for patients with only a single manic episode, but did not for most of the patients with repeated episodes. No changes in insight were observed during depressive episodes for either patients with a single or those with repeated depressive episodes.

CONCLUSIONS:
The types of insight changes among bipolar patients during the 2-year period were various and depended on the different clinical courses. Frequent mood disturbance episodes may cause patient insight to deteriorate.

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Author information

Author/s: Yen, Cheng-Fang (CF); Chen, Cheng-Sheng (CS); Ko, Chih-Hung (CH); Yen, Ju-Yu (JY); Huang, Chi-Feng (CF);

Affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Case Reports; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Journal: Bipolar disorders (Bipolar Disord), published in Denmark. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2007-May; vol 9 (issue 3) : pp 238-42

Dates: Created 2007/04/13; Completed 2007/07/10;

PMID: 17430298, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 12/26/2008)

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MeSH headings (categories)

This article was linked to the MESH Headings shown below.

Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Bipolar Disorder - diagnosis; epidemiology
Cognition Disorders - diagnosis; epidemiology
Depression - diagnosis; epidemiology
Disease Progression
Female

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