Learning and memory in conditioned fear extinction: effects of D-cycloserine.

Full Abstract

This review addresses the effects of the cognitive enhancer D-cycloserine (DCS) on the memory processes that occur in conditioned fear extinction, which is the experimental model for exposure techniques to reduce clinical anxiety. All reported rat studies show an enhanced fear extinction effect when DCS is administered acutely before or shortly after extinction training. DCS also promotes the generalization of this fear extinction effect. In addition, DCS reduces some forms of relapse (reduced reinstatement, reduced spontaneous recovery), but not others (contextual renewal, rapid reacquisition). It is argued that this pattern of results is best explained by assuming that DCS promotes extinction learning to the background context, resulting in enhanced contextual inhibition. Four human studies have produced mixed results, but some methodological issues complicate the reported failures. It is concluded that DCS is a promising tool as an adjunct to extinction techniques in exposure treatment, but that more pre-clinical and clinical research is needed to fully characterize its behavioral consequences.

Author information

Author/s: Vervliet, Bram (B);

Affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Roetersstraat 15, WB 1018 Amsterdam, The Netherlands. b.vervliet(-atsign-)uva.nl

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Journal Article; Review

Journal: Acta psychologica (Acta Psychol (Amst)), published in Netherlands. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2008-Mar; vol 127 (issue 3) : pp 601-13

Dates: Created 2008/03/17; Completed 2008/07/01;

PMID: 17707326, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 2/18/2009, IMS Date: )

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