Exposure to smoking depictions in movies: its association with established adolescent smoking.

Full Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
To assess the association between exposure to movie smoking and established adolescent smoking.

DESIGN:
Longitudinal survey of a representative US adolescent sample.

SETTING:
Adolescents were surveyed by telephone in their homes.

PARTICIPANTS:
Sixty-five hundred twenty-two US adolescents aged 10 to 14 years at baseline, resurveyed at 8 months (8M) (n = 5503), 16 months (16M) (n = 5019), and 24 months (24M) (n = 4575). Main Exposure Exposure to smoking in 532 box-office hits released in the 5 years prior to the baseline survey. Outcome Measure Established smoking (having smoked more than 100 cigarettes during lifetime).

RESULTS:
Of 108 incident established smokers with data at the 24M survey, 85% were current (30-day smokers) and 83% endorsed at least 1 addiction symptom. Established smoking incidence was 7.4, 15.8, and 19.7 per 1000 person-years of observation for the baseline-to-8M, 8M-to-16M, and 16M-to-24M observation periods, respectively. In a multivariate survival model, risk of established smoking was predicted by baseline exposure to smoking in movies with an adjusted overall hazard ratio of 2.04 (95% confidence interval, 1.01-4.12) for teens in the 95th percentile of movie-smoking exposure compared with the 5th percentile. This effect was independent of age; parent, sibling, or friend smoking; and sensation seeking. Teens low on sensation seeking were more responsive to the movie-smoking effect (hazard ratio, 12.7; 95% confidence interval, 2.0-80.6) compared with teens who were high on sensation seeking (hazard ratio, 1.01; 95% confidence interval, 0.4-2.6).

CONCLUSION:
In this national US adolescent sample, exposure to smoking in movies predicted risk of becoming an established smoker, an outcome linked with adult dependent smoking and its associated morbidity and mortality.

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Author information

Author/s: Sargent, James D (JD); Stoolmiller, Mike (M); Worth, Keilah A (KA); Dal Cin, Sonya (S); Wills, Thomas A (TA); Gibbons, Frederick X (FX); Gerrard, Meg (M); Tanski, Susanne (S);

Affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA. james.d.sargent@dartmouth.edu

Grants: CA77026 (Agency:United States NCI) ; DA12623 (Agency:United States NIDA)

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Journal: Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine (Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med), published in United States. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2007-Sep; vol 161 (issue 9) : pp 849-56

Dates: Created 2007/09/04; Completed 2007/10/09; Revised 2007/11/15;

PMID: 17768284, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 11/6/2008)

Sourced from the National Library of Medicine. Abstract text and other information may be subject to copyright.

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MeSH headings (categories)

This article was linked to the MESH Headings shown below.

Humans
Imitative Behavior
Male
Motion Pictures as Topic
Peer Group
Risk Factors
Smoking - epidemiology; psychology
Social Conformity

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