Selective attention and inhibitory deficits in ADHD: does subtype or comorbidity modulate negative priming effects?

Full Abstract

Selective attention has durable consequences for behavior and neural activation. Negative priming (NP) effects are assumed to reflect a critical inhibitory component of selective attention. The performance of adolescents with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was assessed across two conceptually based NP tasks within a selective attention procedure. Comorbidity (non-comorbid ADHD vs. comorbid ADHD) and subtype (ADHD combined vs. ADHD inattentive) were considered key issues. Results found NP effects to differ as a function of comorbidity but not subtype. Findings are discussed in light of functional neuroimaging evidence for neuronal enhancement for unattended stimuli relative to attended stimuli that strongly complements an inhibitory-based explanation for NP. Implications for the 'AD' in ADHD and contemporary process models of the disorder are considered.

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Author information

Author/s: Pritchard, Verena E (VE); Neumann, Ewald (E); Rucklidge, Julia J (JJ);

Affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Journal Article

Journal: Brain and cognition (Brain Cogn), published in United States. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2008-Aug; vol 67 (issue 3) : pp 324-39

Dates: Created 2008/06/30; Completed 2008/07/28;

PMID: 18358583, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 11/6/2008)

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MeSH headings (categories)

This article was linked to the MESH Headings shown below.

Adolescent
Attention - physiology
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - epidemiology; physiopathology; psychology
Comorbidity
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Double-Blind Method
Female

Humans
Inhibition (Psychology)
Male
Mental Disorders - epidemiology; physiopathology; psychology
Neuropsychological Tests
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
Reaction Time - physiology

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