Cardiac ischemia and reperfusion in spontaneously diabetic rats with and without application of EGb 761: I. cardiomyocytes.

Full Abstract

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is known to result in increased mortality after ischemic events. Permanently increased oxidative stress with formation of oxygen-free radicals plays a key role in the development of specific heart muscle disease. Associated lesions include structural alterations to cardiomyocytes. Antioxidative treatment in addition to the usual insulin substitution would seem sensible in preventing or delaying long-term diabetic complications and protecting the myocardium against acute ischemic events. We investigated the effects of radical scavenger Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 against diabetes-induced damage to cardiomyocytes and additional ischemia/reperfusion injury in spontaneously diabetic BioBreeding/Ottawa Karlsburg (BB/OK) rats, as a model of diabetic myocardium infarction. Morphological and morphometric parameters of heart muscles were analyzed by light and electron-microscopic techniques. We used immunohistochemistry to evaluate parameters of oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase [SOD]) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression. Our results indicated that A) Diabetic myocardium appears more vulnerable to ischemia/reperfusion damage concerning ultrastructure of cardiomyocytes (sarcomeres, vacuoles, mitochondria), expression of antioxidative enzymes (CuZnSOD, MnSOD), and iNOS than normal myocardium; B) Pre-treatment of diabetic myocardium with EGb and additional ischemia/reperfusion leads to a relative improvement in myocardial ultrastructure compared to unprotected myocardium. In summary, EGb appears to be promising as an adjuvant therapeutic drug in diabetics with respect to ischemic myocardium injury. It may contribute to the prevention of late diabetic complications in diabetic cardiomyopathy.

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Author information

Author/s: Schneider, Rick (R); Welt, Klaus (K); Aust, Wolfram (W); Löster, Heinz (H); Fitzl, Günther (G);

Affiliation: Department of Surgery II, University of Leipzig, Germany. rick.schneider@medizin.uni-leipzig.de

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Journal Article

Journal: Histology and histopathology (Histol Histopathol), published in Spain. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2008-Jul; vol 23 (issue 7) : pp 807-17

Dates: Created 2008/04/25; Completed 2008/05/29;

PMID: 18437679, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 11/6/2008)

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MeSH headings (categories)

This article was linked to the MESH Headings shown below.

Animals
Cardiovascular Agents - therapeutic use
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental
Disease Models, Animal
Free Radical Scavengers - therapeutic use
Ginkgo biloba
Male
Myocardial Reperfusion Injury - metabolism; pathology; prevention & control

Myocardial Reperfusion Injury - metabolism; pathology; prevention & control
Myocytes, Cardiac - drug effects; pathology; ultrastructure
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II - metabolism
Oxidative Stress
Plant Extracts - therapeutic use
Rats
Rats, Inbred BB
Superoxide Dismutase

Associated Chemicals: Cardiovascular Agents (0) ; Free Radical Scavengers (0) ; Ginkgo biloba extract 761 (0) ; Plant Extracts (0) ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II (EC 1.14.13.39) ; Nos2 protein, rat (EC 1.14.13.39) ; Superoxide Dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1)

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