Research article summary (published 29 Apr 2008):

Lacking power impairs executive functions.

Full Abstract

Four experiments explored whether lacking power impairs executive functioning, testing the hypothesis that the cognitive presses of powerlessness increase vulnerability to performance decrements during complex executive tasks. In the first three experiments, low power impaired performance on executive-function tasks:
The powerless were less effective than the powerful at updating (Experiment 1), inhibiting (Experiment 2), and planning (Experiment 3). Existing research suggests that the powerless have difficulty distinguishing between what is goal relevant and what is goal irrelevant in the environment. A fourth experiment established that the executive-function impairment associated with low power is driven by goal neglect. The current research implies that the cognitive alterations arising from powerlessness may help foster stable social hierarchies and that empowering employees may reduce costly organizational errors.

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Author information

Author/s: Smith, Pamela K (PK); Jostmann, Nils B (NB); Galinsky, Adam D (AD); van Dijk, Wilco W (WW);

Affiliation: Department of Social Psychology, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. p.smith@psych.ru.nl

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Journal Article

Journal: Psychological science : a journal of the American Psychological Society / APS (Psychol Sci), published in United States. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2008-May; vol 19 (issue 5) : pp 441-7

Dates: Created 2008/05/09; Completed 2008/08/21;

PMID: 18466404, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 11/6/2008)

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MeSH headings (categories)

This article was linked to the MESH Headings shown below.

Cognition Cognition Disorders - etiology; psychology Cues Female Goals Humans Inhibition (Psychology)

Inhibition (Psychology) Male Netherlands Power (Psychology) Social Behavior Students - psychology Task Performance and Analysis

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