Weight loss alone improves conduit and resistance artery endothelial function in young and older overweight/obese adults.

Full Abstract

Obesity is associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction, as indicated by impaired endothelium-dependent dilation. Presently there is no direct evidence that energy intake-restricted weight loss alone improves conduit or resistance artery endothelium-dependent dilation, the mechanisms involved, or whether improvements differ with patient age. A total of 40 overweight or obese (body mass index:
>or=25<40 kg/m(2)) nondiabetic men and women aged 21 to 69 years completed 12 weeks of reduced energy intake (n=26; 15 male) or attention control (n=14; 9 male) and 4 weeks of weight maintenance (randomized trial). Energy intake restriction reduced estimated total energy intake (33%), body weight (10.5%), total and abdominal body fat, plasma leptin, oxidized low-density lipoprotein, and improved several metabolic risk factors. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation was increased by 30% (6.0+/-0.7% versus 7.9+/-0.7%Delta; P=0.01; n=17). Peak forearm blood flow during intrabrachial artery infusion of acetylcholine was increased by 26% (16.8+/-1.4 versus 21.1+/-1.9 mL/100 mL per minute; P<0.05; n=15); this was inversely related to the reduction in the abdominal visceral:subcutaneous fat ratio (r=-0.46; P<0.05) and was abolished by inhibition of NO synthesis with N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine. Improvements in endothelium-dependent dilation were not related to age:
mean increases in subjects >50 years of age were similar to or greater than those <50 years of age. Energy intake-restricted weight loss alone is an effective intervention for improving peripheral conduit and resistance artery endothelial function in young and older overweight/obese adults. The improvements in resistance artery function are mediated by an increase in NO bioavailability and are related to reductions in abdominal visceral fat.

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Author information

Author/s: Pierce, Gary L (GL); Beske, Stacy D (SD); Lawson, Brooke R (BR); Southall, Kara L (KL); Benay, Francoise J (FJ); Donato, Anthony J (AJ); Seals, Douglas R (DR);

Affiliation: Department of Integrative Physiology, UCB 354, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. gpierce(-atsign-)colorado.edu

Grants: AG000279 (Agency:United States NIA) ; AG006537 (Agency:United States NIA) ; AG013038 (Agency:United States NIA) ; AG022241 (Agency:United States NIA) ; RR00051 (Agency:United States NCRR)

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Journal: Hypertension (Hypertension), published in United States. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2008-Jul; vol 52 (issue 1) : pp 72-9

Dates: Created 2008/06/20; Completed 2008/07/08;

PMID: 18504322, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 11/6/2008)

Sourced from the National Library of Medicine. Abstract text and other information may be subject to copyright.

Comments and Corrections

CommentIn: Hypertension. 2008 Jul;52(1):57-8. (PMID: 18504320)

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MeSH headings (categories)

This article was linked to the MESH Headings shown below.

Adult
Age Factors
Aged
Arm - blood supply
Body Composition
Brachial Artery - physiopathology
Caloric Restriction
Endothelium, Vascular - physiopathology
Female

Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Motor Activity
Obesity - blood; diet therapy; physiopathology
Overweight - blood; diet therapy; physiopathology
Regional Blood Flow
Vascular Resistance
Weight Loss

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