Does subitizing reflect numerical estimation?

Full Abstract

Subitizing is the rapid and accurate enumeration of small sets (up to 3-4 items). Although subitizing has been studied extensively since its first description about 100 years ago, its underlying mechanisms remain debated. One hypothesis proposes that subitizing results from numerical estimation mechanisms that, according to Weber's law, operate with high precision for small numbers. Alternatively, subitizing might rely on a distinct process dedicated to small numerosities. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that there is a shared estimation system for small and large quantities in human adults, using a masked forced-choice paradigm in which participants named the numerosity of displays taken from sets matched for discrimination difficulty; one set ranged from 1 through 8 items, and the other ranged from 10 through 80 items. Results showed a clear violation of Weber's law (much higher precision over numerosities 1-4 than over numerosities 10-40), thus refuting the single-estimation-system hypothesis and supporting the notion of a dedicated mechanism for apprehending small numerosities.

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Author information

Author/s: Revkin, Susannah K (SK); Piazza, Manuela (M); Izard, Véronique (V); Cohen, Laurent (L); Dehaene, Stanislas (S);

Affiliation: INSERM, U562, Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, Gif/Yvette, France. susannahrevkin(-atsign-)gmail.com

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Journal: Psychological science : a journal of the American Psychological Society / APS (Psychol Sci), published in United States. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2008-Jun; vol 19 (issue 6) : pp 607-14

Dates: Created 2008/06/26; Completed 2008/08/28;

PMID: 18578852, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 11/6/2008)

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MeSH headings (categories)

This article was linked to the MESH Headings shown below.

Adolescent
Adult
Choice Behavior - physiology
Discrimination (Psychology) - physiology
Female
Humans
Male
Mathematics

Perceptual Masking - physiology
Photic Stimulation - methods
Problem Solving - physiology
Psychological Theory
Reaction Time - physiology
Task Performance and Analysis
Time Factors
Visual Perception - physiology

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