Research article summary (published 30 Jul 2008):

Functional impact of emotions on athletic performance: comparing the IZOF model and the directional perception approach.

Full Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the impact of emotions on athletic performance within the frameworks of the Individual Zones of Optimal Functioning (IZOF) model and the directional perception approach. Intensity, functional impact, and hedonic tone of trait and state anxiety, self-confidence, idiosyncratic emotions, and bodily symptoms were assessed in high-level Italian swimmers and track and field athletes (N = 56). Three standards of performance (poor, average, and good), derived from retrospective self-ratings across one to three competitions (a total of 90 observations), were used as independent variables in the analysis of variance of intensity, intra-individual, and direction scores of anxiety, self-confidence, idiosyncratic emotions, and bodily symptoms. Subsequently, intra-individual scores were categorized as near to or distant from optimal/dysfunctional zones and entered as the independent variable in the analysis of direction scores. The results provided support for the predictions stemming from both the IZOF model and the directional approach, as well as help in interpreting direction of anxiety and other idiosyncratic emotions within the IZOF framework. Athletes tended to perceive emotional levels approximating an individual's optimal zone as facilitative-pleasant, and emotional levels approximating an individual's dysfunctional zone as debilitative-unpleasant.

Author information

Author/s: Robazza, Claudio (C); Pellizzari, Melinda (M); Bertollo, Maurizio (M); Hanin, Yuri L (YL);

Affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze del Movimento Umano, Facoltà di Scienze dell'Educazione Motoria, Università di Chieti, Chieti, Italy. c.robazza(-atsign-)unich.it

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article

Journal: Journal of sports sciences (J Sports Sci), published in England. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2008-Aug; vol 26 (issue 10) : pp 1033-47

Dates: Created 2008/07/18; Completed 2009/01/14;

PMID: 18608828, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 2/18/2009, IMS Date: )

Sourced from the National Library of Medicine. Abstract text and other information may be subject to copyright.

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MeSH headings (categories)

This article was linked to the MESH Headings shown below.

Adaptation, Psychological Anxiety - psychology Athletic Performance - psychology Competitive Behavior Emotions Female Humans Male Models, Psychological

Models, Psychological Personality Inventory Psychometrics - methods Retrospective Studies Severity of Illness Index Stress, Psychological Swimming - psychology Track and Field - psychology Young Adult

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