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| Research article summary (published 27 Feb 2009): |
Hot and cold cognition in unmedicated depressed subjects with bipolar disorder.
Full Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Neuropsychological studies in subjects with bipolar disorder (BD) have reported deficits on a variety of cognitive measures. However, because the majority of subjects were medicated at the time of testing in previous studies, it is currently unclear whether the pattern of deficits reported is related to BD itself or to psychotropic medication. We addressed this issue by examining cognitive performance in a group of unmedicated, currently depressed subjects with BD. METHODS: Forty-nine unmedicated subjects who met DSM-IV criteria for BD, depressed phase, and 55 control subjects participated in this study. Most patients were diagnosed with bipolar II disorder. Performance on emotion-dependent, or 'hot', and emotion-independent, or 'cold', cognitive tasks was assessed using tests from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery. RESULTS: The groups were well matched with respect to general intelligence and demographic variables. Deficits in the unmedicated depressed BD group were apparent on tests tapping 'hot' cognitive processing, for example the Cambridge Gamble task and the Probabilistic Reversal Learning task. However, other than a deficit on the Spatial Span test in the depressed BD subjects, the groups performed equivalently on most measures of 'cold' cognitive processing, for example visual memory, attention, and working memory. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that deficits on tests involving reward processing, short-term spatial memory storage, and sensitivity to negative feedback in depressed BD subjects represent an effect of the illness itself and not mood-stabilizing medication.
Author information
Author/s: Roiser, Jonathan P (JP); Cannon, Dara M (DM); Gandhi, Shilpa K (SK); Taylor Tavares, Joana (J); Erickson, Kristine (K); Wood, Suzanne (S); Klaver, Jacqueline M (JM); Clark, Luke (L); Zarate, Carlos A (CA); Sahakian, Barbara J (BJ); Drevets, Wayne C (WC);
Affiliation: Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK.
Grants: Z01 MH002828-05 (Agency:NIMH NIH HHS) ; Z01 MH002830-05 (Agency:NIMH NIH HHS) ; Z01 MH002857-03 (Agency:NIMH NIH HHS)
Journal and publication information
Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Journal: Bipolar disorders (Bipolar Disord), published in Denmark. (Language: eng)
Reference: 2009-Mar; vol 11 (issue 2) : pp 178-89
Dates: Created 2009/03/09; Completed 2009/05/22; Revised 2009/05/26;
PMID: 19267700, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 5/27/2009, IMS Date: 27 May 2009 00:00:00)
Sourced from the National Library of Medicine. Abstract text and other information may be subject to copyright.
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