Drug abuse: vulnerability and transition to addiction.

Full Abstract

Intrinsic vulnerability is central to the transition of recreational drug use to misuse. Several factors contribute to vulnerability, inherent or acquired, and they account for the huge individual differences observed concerning the propensity to enter in the addiction process. Some of the multifactional causes for a vulnerable phenotype will be examined: genetic factors, age and gender influences, various comorbidities and epidemiological observations. Stress-induced vulnerability will be particularly reviewed because it provides a good model for a pathophysiological research and for relating environmental events to biological consequences of drug vulnerability, namely through the striato-cortical dopamine system. Experimental studies are generally blind concerning these historical factors that contribute vulnerability and a critical evaluation of current animal models is needed. The transition of the last stage of the process, addiction, is conceptualized as a progression from homeostasis to allostasis and then, to pathology.

Author information

Author/s: Le Moal, M (M);

Affiliation: INSERM, U862, Neurocentre Magendie, Neurogenesis and Physiopathology Group, Bordeaux, France. michel.le-moal(-atsign-)inserm.fr

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review

Journal: Pharmacopsychiatry (Pharmacopsychiatry), published in Germany. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2009-May; vol 42 Suppl 1 (issue ) : pp S42-55

Dates: Created 2009/05/12; Completed 2009/07/01;

PMID: 19434555, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 7/1/2009, IMS Date: 01 Jul 2009 00:00:00)

Sourced from the National Library of Medicine. Abstract text and other information may be subject to copyright.

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