CYP1A2 genotype modifies the association between coffee intake and the risk of hypertension.

Full Abstract

OBJECTIVES: The longitudinal relationship between coffee use and hypertension is still controversial. Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) is the main responsible enzyme for the metabolism of caffeine. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of coffee intake on the risk of developing hypertension needing antihypertensive treatment in individuals stratified by CYP1A2 genotype. DESIGN: We assessed prospectively 553 young White individuals screened for stage 1 hypertension. Coffee intake was ascertained from regularly administered questionnaires. Incident physician-diagnosed hypertension was the outcome measure. Genotyping of CYP1A2 SNP was performed by real time PCR. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 8.2 years, 323 individuals developed hypertension. For carriers of the slow *1F allele (59%), hazard ratios of hypertension from multivariable Cox analysis were 1.00 in abstainers (reference), 1.72 (95%CI, 1.21-2.44) in moderate coffee drinkers (P = 0.03), and 3.00 (1.53-5.90) in heavy drinkers (P = 0.001). In contrast, hazard ratios for coffee drinkers with the rapid *1A/*1A genotype were 0.80 (0.52-1.23, P = 0.29) for moderate drinkers and 0.36 (0.14-0.89, P = 0.026) for heavy drinkers. In a two-way ANCOVA, a gene x coffee interactive effect was found on follow-up changes in systolic (P = 0.000) and diastolic (P = 0.007) blood pressure. Urinary epinephrine was higher in coffee drinkers than abstainers but only among individuals with slow *1F allele (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: These data show that the risk of hypertension associated with coffee intake varies according to CYP1A2 genotype. Carriers of slow *1F allele are at increased risk and should thus abstain from coffee, whereas individuals with *1A/*1A genotype can safely drink coffee.

Author information

Author/s: Palatini, Paolo (P); Ceolotto, Giulio (G); Ragazzo, Fabio (F); Dorigatti, Francesca (F); Saladini, Francesca (F); Papparella, Italia (I); Mos, Lucio (L); Zanata, Giuseppe (G); Santonastaso, Massimo (M);

Affiliation: Clinica Medica 4, University of Padova, via Giustiniani, 2- 35128 Padova, Italy. palatini(-atsign-)unipd.it

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Journal: Journal of hypertension (J Hypertens), published in England. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2009-Aug; vol 27 (issue 8) : pp 1594-601

Dates: Created 2009/07/22; Completed 2009/09/30;

PMID: 19451835, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 9/30/2009, IMS Date: )

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