Incidental and intentional sequence learning in youth-onset psychosis and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

Full Abstract

The goal was to compare incidental and intentional spatial sequence learning in youth-onset psychosis and ADHD. The authors tested 8- to 19-year-olds with psychosis or ADHD and healthy controls on a serial reaction time (RT) task and used manual and oculomotor measures to examine learning. Participants were also administered a block in which they were explicitly instructed to learn a sequence. As in our previous studies with healthy adults and children, oculomotor anticipations and RTs showed learning effects similar to those in the manual modality. Results showed intact sequence-specific learning but fewer oculomotor anticipations in both clinical groups during incidental learning. In intentional learning, only the psychosis group showed impairments compared to controls. There were no interactions between age and diagnosis. Thus, the psychosis group showed relatively preserved incidental learning despite impairments in intentional learning. Additionally, both clinical groups showed impairments in the ability to search for, extract, and anticipate regularities (whether the regularities were there or not), but not in the ability to respond to these regularities when they were there. 2009 American Psychological Association

Author information

Author/s: Karatekin, Canan (C); White, Tonya (T); Bingham, Christopher (C);

Affiliation: Institute of Child Development, Univeristy of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN 55455, USA. karat004(-atsign-)umn.edu

Grants: 1R03-MH063150 (Agency:NIMH NIH HHS) ; K08 MH068540-01A1 (Agency:NIMH NIH HHS) ; K08 MH068540-02 (Agency:NIMH NIH HHS) ; K08 MH068540-03 (Agency:NIMH NIH HHS) ; K08 MH068540-04 (Agency:NIMH NIH HHS) ; K08 MH068540-05 (Agency:NIMH NIH HHS) ; K08-MH068540 (Agency:NIMH NIH HHS) ; R03 MH063150-01A2 (Agency:NIMH NIH HHS) ; R03 MH063150-02 (Agency:NIMH NIH HHS)

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Journal: Neuropsychology (Neuropsychology), published in United States. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2009-Jul; vol 23 (issue 4) : pp 445-59

Dates: Created 2009/07/09; Completed 2009/09/17;

PMID: 19586209, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 9/17/2009, IMS Date: )

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