Research article summary (published 27 Jul 2009):

Poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 is necessary for long-term facilitation in Aplysia.

Full Abstract

Activity-dependent long-term synaptic plasticity requires gene expression and protein synthesis. Identifying essential genes and studying their transcriptional and translational regulation are key steps to understanding how synaptic changes become long lasting. Recently, the enzyme poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) was shown to be necessary for long-term memory (LTM) in Aplysia. Since PARP-1 decondenses chromatin, we hypothesize that this enzyme regulates the expression of specific genes essential for long-term synaptic plasticity that underlies LTM. We cloned Aplysia PARP-1 (ApPARP-1) and determined that its expression in sensory neurons is necessary for serotonin (5-HT)-mediated long-term facilitation (LTF) of sensorimotor neuron synapses. PARP enzymatic activity is also required, since transient application of PARP inhibitors blocked LTF. Differential display and RNA analysis of ganglia dissected from intact animals exposed to 5-HT identified the ribosomal RNA genes as PARP-dependent effector genes. The increase in the expression of rRNAs is long lasting and dynamic. Pulse-labeling RNA studies showed a PARP-dependent increase in rRNAs but not in the total RNA 24 h after 5-HT treatment. Moreover, the expression of both the AprpL27a (Aplysia ribosomal protein L27a) and the ApE2N (Aplysia ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2N) mRNAs also increased after 5-HT. Thus, our results suggest that 5-HT, in part by regulating PARP-1 activity, alters the expression of transcripts required for the synthesis of new ribosomes necessary for LTF.

Author information

Author/s: Hernández, A Iván (AI); Wolk, Jason (J); Hu, Jiang-Yuan (JY); Liu, Jinming (J); Kurosu, Takeshi (T); Schwartz, James H (JH); Schacher, Samuel (S);

Affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, USA. ivan.hernandez(-atsign-)downstate.edu

Grants: MH48850 (Agency:NIMH NIH HHS) ; MH60387 (Agency:NIMH NIH HHS) ; RR-10294 (Agency:NCRR NIH HHS)

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Journal: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (J Neurosci), published in United States. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2009-Jul; vol 29 (issue 30) : pp 9553-62

Dates: Created 2009/07/30; Completed 2009/08/19;

PMID: 19641118, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 8/21/2009, IMS Date: )

Sourced from the National Library of Medicine. Abstract text and other information may be subject to copyright.

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MeSH headings (categories)

This article was linked to the MESH Headings shown below.

Animals Aplysia Base Sequence Benzamides - administration & dosage Cells, Cultured Enzyme Inhibitors - administration & dosage Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials - drug effects Long-Term Potentiation - drug effects; physiology Molecular Sequence Data Motor Neurons - drug effects; enzymology; physiology

Phenanthrenes - administration & dosage Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases - antagonists & inhibitors; genetics; metabolism RNA, Messenger - metabolism RNA, Ribosomal - metabolism Ribosomal Proteins - metabolism Sensory Receptor Cells - drug effects; enzymology; physiology Serotonin - metabolism Synapses - drug effects; enzymology; physiology Time Factors Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes - metabolism

Associated Chemicals: Benzamides (0) ; Enzyme Inhibitors (0) ; N-(oxo-5,6-dihydrophenanthridin-2-yl)-N,N-dimethylacetamide hydrochloride (0) ; Phenanthrenes (0) ; RNA, Messenger (0) ; RNA, Ribosomal (0) ; Ribosomal Proteins (0) ; ribosomal proteins L27 (0) ; 3-aminobenzamide (3544-24-9) ; Serotonin (50-67-9) ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases (EC 2.4.2.30) ; Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes (EC 6.3.2.19)

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