Hypertension and diabetes mellitus in adult and pediatric survivors of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Full Abstract

Hypertension and diabetes are frequent early complications of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT); however, their long-term outcomes are not well known. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to describe the risk factors and natural history of post-HCT hypertension and diabetes in 180 consecutive adult (n = 106) and pediatric (n = 74) allogeneic HCT recipients from 2003-2005 who had survived for 1 year post-HCT. The pediatric patients were less likely than the adult patients to have pre-HCT hypertension and diabetes, smoking history, or high-risk disease and more likely to receive myeloablative (MA) conditioning. All patients were followed until at least 2 years post-HCT; of these 1-year survivors, 156 (87%) were alive at 2 years. Acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD, cGVHD) occurred in 118 (66%) patients; of these, 24% received cyclosporine (CsA) for >12 months and 47% received prednisone for >12 months. Within 2 years post-HCT, 126 (70%) had hypertension and 54 (30%) had diabetes. Rates were similar for the adult recipients (hypertension, 68%; diabetes, 30%) and the pediatric recipients (hypertension, 73%; diabetes, 30%). At 2 years post-HCT, in the patients with hypertension, hypertension had not resolved in 34%, and among patients with diabetes, diabetes had not resolved in 32%. On multivariate analyses, exposure to CsA increased the risk of developing hypertension post-HCT (relative risk, 1.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-2.5; P = .03), but did not affect its persistence at 2 years. Exposure to high-dose corticosteroids (cumulative prednisone dose of > 0.25 mg/kg/day) increased the likelihood of developing diabetes (relative risk, 3.6; 95% CI, 1.7-7.5; P < .01) and for having persistent diabetes at 2 years post-HCT (relative risk, 4.1; 95% CI, 1.0-18.2; P = .05). Hypertension and diabetes are frequent early complications of allogeneic HCT, but subsequently resolve in a large proportion of recipients in the first 2 years after transplantation. Continued monitoring and treatment of hypertension and diabetes is necessary in allogeneic HCT survivors, especially in those exposed to high doses of corticosteroids.

Author information

Author/s: Majhail, Navneet S (NS); Challa, Tejo R (TR); Mulrooney, Daniel A (DA); Baker, K Scott (KS); Burns, Linda J (LJ);

Affiliation: Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. majha001(-atsign-)umn.edu

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Journal Article

Journal: Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (Biol Blood Marrow Transplant), published in United States. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2009-Sep; vol 15 (issue 9) : pp 1100-7

Dates: Created 2009/08/07; Completed 2009/11/02;

PMID: 19660723, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 11/2/2009, IMS Date: )

Sourced from the National Library of Medicine. Abstract text and other information may be subject to copyright.

External Links for this article
(including full text providers, if available):

Click Electronic Full-text Provider Links to see options for finding the electronic full text links to this article. Note there may be a subscription or fee required for access to the full text. See our FAQ for information on finding FREE full text articles.

This article may also be located in paper journal collections available in many libraries. Use the Journal and Publication Information above to find the full article.