Research article summary (published 30 Aug 2009):

Efficacy and safety of incretin based therapies: clinical trial data.

Full Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Provide a comprehensive overview of efficacy and safety data on incretin-based agents in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. DATA SOURCES: A PubMed search was conducted for the years 2000-2009, using as keywords the names of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (exenatide and liraglutide) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors (sitagliptin, alogliptin, and saxagliptin). World Diabetes Congress abstracts from 2008 to 2009 were also searched for clinical studies of these agents. STUDY SELECTION: The author included randomized controlled trials of incretin therapies that were published in English and enrolled > or =100 participants. DATA EXTRACTION: Data on the effects of incretins on glycemic control, weight, beta-cell function, blood pressure, lipid levels, safety, and tolerability were extracted and summarized. DATA SYNTHESIS: A total of 27 randomized controlled studies of incretin therapy were identified and included in the review. GLP-1 receptor agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors were evaluated at different points in the diabetes treatment spectrum, i.e., added to diet and exercise alone (monotherapy) or added to oral antihyperglycemic regimens (combination therapy). CONCLUSION: In addition to decreasing glycemia in type 2 diabetes, incretin therapies may improve other important parameters, including beta-cell function, blood pressure, and lipid levels, with a low risk for hypoglycemia. A comparison of the study data differentiates the clinical profiles of the GLP-1 receptor agonists, which are associated with weight loss, and DPP-4 inhibitors, which are weight neutral, as well as the individual agents within each class.

Author information

Author/s: White, John (J);

Affiliation: Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99210-1495, USA. whitej(-atsign-)wsu.edu

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review

Journal: Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA (J Am Pharm Assoc (2003)), published in United States. (Language: eng)

Reference: -2009 Sep-Oct; vol 49 Suppl 1 (issue ) : pp S30-40

Dates: Created 2009/10/05; Completed 2009/10/29;

PMID: 19801363, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 10/29/2009, IMS Date: )

Sourced from the National Library of Medicine. Abstract text and other information may be subject to copyright.

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MeSH headings (categories)

This article was linked to the MESH Headings shown below.

Antigens, CD26 - antagonists & inhibitors; metabolism Blood Glucose - drug effects Blood Pressure - drug effects Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy; metabolism Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors - administration & dosage; adverse effects; therapeutic use Drug Administration Schedule Evidence-Based Medicine Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated - metabolism Humans

Hypoglycemic Agents - administration & dosage; adverse effects; therapeutic use Incretins - metabolism Insulin - metabolism Insulin-Secreting Cells - drug effects; metabolism Lipids - blood Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Receptors, Glucagon - agonists; metabolism Treatment Outcome Weight Loss - drug effects

Associated Chemicals: Blood Glucose (0) ; Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors (0) ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated (0) ; Hypoglycemic Agents (0) ; Incretins (0) ; Lipids (0) ; Receptors, Glucagon (0) ; glucagon-like peptide receptor (0) ; hemoglobin A1c protein, human (0) ; Insulin (11061-68-0) ; Antigens, CD26 (EC 3.4.14.5) ; DPP4 protein, human (EC 3.4.14.5)

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