Sequence effects of relaxation training, EMG, and temperature biofeedback on anxiety, symptom report, and self-concept.

Full Abstract

Assessed the effects of particular treatment combinations of relaxation training, temperature, and EMG biofeedback on state-trait anxiety, symptom report, and self-concept. The four groups received one of the following sequences: (a) relaxation training, temperature, and EMG biofeedback; (b) temperature, EMG biofeedback, and relaxation; (c) temperature followed by EMG biofeedback; (d) EMG biofeedback followed by temperature. A sample of 37 volunteers participated in 16 20-minute training sessions over an 11-week period, which totaled 800 appointments. Training was found equally effective for decreasing frontalis EMG and increasing finger skin temperature, regardless of sequence. Most substantial improvement occurred after 8 sessions, whereas little improvement was found after 16 sessions. Each group became increasingly homogeneous over time on all measures.

Author information

Author/s: Kappes, B M (BM);

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Journal Article

Journal: Journal of clinical psychology (J Clin Psychol), published in UNITED STATES. (Language: eng)

Reference: 1983-Mar; vol 39 (issue 2) : pp 203-8

Dates: Created 1983/06/17; Completed 1983/06/17; Revised 2008/11/21;

PMID: 6341411, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 2/18/2009, IMS Date: )

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